| 134 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 77 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 68 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 136 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 2064 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 71 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 180 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 86 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 3.19 | Japanese for Busy People |
| 111 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 111 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 320 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 949 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 2458 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1242 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1708 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 1741 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 13450 | Morohashi |
| 1962 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2364 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 1725 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 1861 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 89 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 35 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
文
sentence, literature, style, art, decoration, figures, plan, literary radical (no. 67)
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 1
JLPT level N4
190 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 文 【ブン】 sentence, composition, text, writings, the literary arts (as opposed to the military arts), academia, literature, statement
- 文化 【ブンカ】 culture, civilization, civilisation, Bunka era (1804.2.11-1818.4.22)
- 公文 【コウブン】 official document, archives
- 異文 【イブン】 variant (in a manuscript or book), part of a text that differs from other versions
- 文 【モン】 mon, one-thousandth of a kan (unit of currency 1336-1870), mon, traditional unit used for shoe and sock sizes (approx. 2.4 cm), letter, character, sentence, scripture, incantation
- 紋 【モン】 (family) crest, coat of arms, pattern, figure, playing card suit (in karuta)
- 人文 【ジンブン】 humanity, civilization, civilisation, culture
- 縄文 【ジョウモン】 straw-rope pattern pressed into earthenware, Jōmon period (ca. 14000-1000 BCE)
Kun reading compounds
- 文 【ふみ】 letter, note, mail, book, writings, literary arts, learning, scholarship
- 文香 【ふみこう】 scented insert (to enclose with a letter), perfumed insert
- 御文 【おふみ】 Gobunsho (The Epistles, a collection of letters written by Rennyo)
- 雁の文 【かりのふみ】 (a) letter
- 綾 【あや】 figure, design, twill weave, pattern of diagonal stripes, style (of writing), figure (of speech), design, plot, plan, minor market fluctuation, technical correction, cat's cradle, lease rod (in a loom)
- 文つける 【あやつける】 to make a false accusation, to invent a pretext for a quarrel
- 言葉は身の文 【ことばはみのあや】 words betray one's character
Readings
- Japanese names:
- かざり、 ふ、 も
- Korean:
- mun
Spanish
- letras
- literatura
Portuguese
- sentença
- literatura
- estilo
- arte
- decoração
- figuras
- plano
French
- phrase
- littérature
- style
- art
- décoration
- figure (de style)
- plan
- radical littéraire (no. 67)
| 466 | 2001 Kanji |
| 2j2.4 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 2-2-2 | SKIP code |
| 0040.0 | Four corner code |
| 1-42-24 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 6587 | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 4
JLPT level N3
100 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 法 【ホウ】 law, act, principle, method, mood, dharma, law
- 法案 【ホウアン】 bill (law), measure
- 航法 【コウホウ】 sailing, navigation
- 会社更生法 【カイシャコウセイホウ】 Corporate Rehabilitation Law
- 法被 【ハッピ】 happi coat, happy coat, workman's livery coat, traditional Japanese straight-sleeved coat
- 法度 【ハット】 ban, prohibition, taboo, something forbidden, law, ordinance (esp. in the middle ages)
- 法師 【ホウシ】 Buddhist priest, bonze, layman dressed like a priest, person
- 法華経 【ホケキョウ】 Lotus Sutra
Kun reading compounds
- 法 【のり】 rule, law, regulation, model, pattern, teachings of Buddha, Buddhist doctrine, transverse measurement, measurement across, side-slope, slope
- 法の筵 【のりのむしろ】 preaching place
- 内法 【うちのり】 inside measure
- 外法 【そとのり】 outside measurements
Readings
- Japanese names:
- ほ
- Korean:
- beob
Spanish
- método
- ley
- doctrina
Portuguese
- método
- lei
- regra
- princípio
- modelo
- sistema
French
- méthode
- loi
- règle
- principe
- modèle
- système
| 513 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 612 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 584 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 145 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 2535 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 213 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 676 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 824 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 123 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 123 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 518 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 1181 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 391 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 248 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 295 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 758 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 17290 | Morohashi |
| 333 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 3107 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 751 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 813 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 100 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 516 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 371 | 2001 Kanji |
| 3a5.20 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 1-3-5 | SKIP code |
| 3413.1 | Four corner code |
| 1-43-01 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 6cd5 | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 5
JLPT level N2
718 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 圧 【アツ】 pressure, force
- 圧力 【アツリョク】 pressure, stress, pressure (e.g. political), coercion, arm-twisting
- 高圧 【コウアツ】 high voltage, high pressure
- 外圧 【ガイアツ】 external pressure, outside pressure, foreign pressure
- 圧状 【オウジョウ】 document written under duress, coercion
Kun reading compounds
- 押す 【おす】 to push, to thrust, to shove, to press (down), to push (e.g. a button), to exert pressure on, to stamp (e.g. one's name), to affix (a seal), to affix (e.g. gold leaf), to push (someone for something), to press, to put pressure on (someone), to overwhelm, to overpower, to put (someone) under pressure, to be superior to, to push ahead (with a policy, plan, etc.), to proceed, to stick to, to do ... in spite of ..., to defy, to brave, to push aside, to make sure, to fall behind schedule
- 圧す 【へす】 to dent, to press, to push
- 押さえる 【おさえる】 to pin down, to hold down, to press down, to hold in place, to hold steady, to cover (esp. a part of one's body with one's hand), to clutch (a body part in pain), to press (a body part), to get a hold of, to obtain, to seize, to catch, to arrest, to grasp (a point), to comprehend, to quell, to subdue, to suppress, to repress, to hold back, to check, to curb, to contain
- 押さえる 【おさえる】 to pin down, to hold down, to press down, to hold in place, to hold steady, to cover (esp. a part of one's body with one's hand), to clutch (a body part in pain), to press (a body part), to get a hold of, to obtain, to seize, to catch, to arrest, to grasp (a point), to comprehend, to quell, to subdue, to suppress, to repress, to hold back, to check, to curb, to contain
Readings
- Korean:
- ab
Spanish
- presión
- opresión
Portuguese
- pressão
- empurrar
- inundar
- oprimir
- dominar
French
- pression
- pousser
- submerger
- oppresser
- dominer
| 544 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 641 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 612 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 598 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 818 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 874 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 426 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 1342 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 1425 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 1197 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 348 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 3688 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1883 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2563 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 154 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 4879P | Morohashi |
| 2970 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 970 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 152 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 163 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 397 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 645 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 3372 | 2001 Kanji |
| 2p3.1 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 3-2-3 | SKIP code |
| 7121.4 | Four corner code |
| 1-16-21 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 5727 | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 6
JLPT level N1
909 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 縮 【シュク】 wearing armour (armor), counter for suits of armour
- 縮小 【シュクショウ】 reduction, curtailment, cut, cutback, scaling down, contraction, shrinkage
- 凝縮 【ギョウシュク】 condensation (of ideas, emotions, etc.), condensation (of a vapour or gas)
- 濃縮 【ノウシュク】 concentration (e.g. of a solution), enrichment, condensation
Kun reading compounds
- 縮む 【ちぢむ】 to shrink, to contract, to diminish (in size)
- 縮まる 【ちぢまる】 to shorten, to narrow, to close, to shrink
- 縮める 【ちぢめる】 to shorten, to reduce, to condense, to shrink, to crumple (fabric), to wrinkle, to make (one's body) smaller, to draw in (one's legs), to duck (one's head)
- 縮れる 【ちぢれる】 to be wavy, to be curled, to be frizzled
- 縮らす 【ちぢらす】 to curl, to crimp
Readings
- Korean:
- chug
Spanish
- acortar
- reducir
- restringir
- encoger
- contraerse
- estar rizado
- rizar
Portuguese
- encolher
- contrair
- enrugar
- ruga
- reduzir
French
- rétrécir
- contracter
- raccourcir
- friser
- réduire
| 904 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 893 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 924 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 3608 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 1142 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 1646 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 2813 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 1110 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 1162 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 884 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 1558 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 1790 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 955 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1290 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 1348 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 27815 | Morohashi |
| 1414 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 4585 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 1336 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 1434 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 999 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 2778 | 2001 Kanji |
| 6a11.9 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 1-6-11 | SKIP code |
| 2396.1 | Four corner code |
| 1-29-44 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 7e2e | Unicode hex code |