461 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
356 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
336 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
55 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
2067 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
370 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
476 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
405 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
365 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
366 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
363 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
502 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
1025 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
556 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
735 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
1742 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
7419 | Morohashi |
831 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
1375 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
1726 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
1862 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
39 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
286 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
vis-a-vis, opposite, even, equal, versus, anti-, compare
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 3
JLPT level N3
34 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 対 【タイ】 versus, against, vs., v., to (e.g. score of 4 to 2, ratio of 3 to 1, vote of 320 to 180), toward ..., to ..., with ..., against ..., anti-, equal footing, equal terms, opposite
- 対案 【タイアン】 counter-proposal, counter-suggestion
- 国対 【コクタイ】 Committee of the National Diet
- 相対 【ソウタイ】 relativity, relative, facing (e.g. a problem), confronting
- 対 【ツイ】 pair, couple, set, antithesis, counter for items that come in pairs, counter for sets (of clothes, small furniture, utensils, etc.)
- 対句 【ツイク】 couplet, antithesis
- 一対 【イッツイ】 pair, couple
- 双対 【ソウツイ】 duality
Kun reading compounds
- 対手 【たいしゅ】 opponent (in combat)
- 向かう 【むかう】 to face, to go towards, to head towards
Readings
- Japanese names:
- つし
- Korean:
- dae
Spanish
- opuesto
- contrario
- por serie
Portuguese
- vis-um-vis
- contrário
- até mesmo
- igual
- versus
- anti-
- compara
French
- vis-à-vis
- en face
- régulier
- égal
- opposition
- anti-
- comparer
448 | 2001 Kanji |
2j5.5 | The Kanji Dictionary |
1-4-3 | SKIP code |
0440.0 | Four corner code |
1-34-48 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
5bfe | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 2
JLPT level N5
81 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 外 【ガイ】 outside ..., beyond ..., not included in ...
- 外圧 【ガイアツ】 external pressure, outside pressure, foreign pressure
- 渉外 【ショウガイ】 public relations, client liaison, client relations
- 在外 【ザイガイ】 overseas, abroad
- 外科 【ゲカ】 surgery (branch of medicine), department of surgery
- 外科医 【ゲカイ】 surgeon
Kun reading compounds
- 外 【そと】 outside, exterior, the open (air), other place, somewhere else, outside one's group (family, company, etc.)
- 外壁 【がいへき】 outer wall
- 大外 【おおそと】 far out wide, far outside
- 家の外 【いえのそと】 outside the house
- 他 【ほか】 another place, some other place, somewhere else, outside, another (person or thing), other, different, something else, someone else, the rest, et al., beyond (one's expectations, imagination, etc.), outside, except, but, other than, apart from, besides, in addition to, as well as, on top of
- 他に 【ほかに】 else, in addition, besides
- この外 【このほか】 besides, moreover, in addition
- 思いのほか 【おもいのほか】 unexpectedly, surprisingly
- 外す 【はずす】 to remove, to take off, to detach, to unfasten, to undo, to drop (e.g. from a team), to remove (from a position), to exclude, to expel, to leave (e.g. one's seat), to go away from, to step out, to slip away, to dodge (a question, blow, etc.), to evade, to sidestep, to avoid (e.g. peak season), to miss (a target, chance, punch, etc.)
- 外れる 【はずれる】 to be disconnected, to get out of place, to be off, to be out (e.g. of gear), to miss the mark, to get it wrong (e.g. guess, expectation), to draw a blank (e.g. lottery), to be removed, to be excluded, to be contrary to, to go against
Readings
- Japanese names:
- うい、 け、 ふか
- Korean:
- oe
Spanish
- fuera
- exterior
- otro
- desatar
- estar desatado
- estar desconectado
Portuguese
- Exterior
French
- extérieur
56 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
96 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
91 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
120 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
1168 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
42 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
38 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
139 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
2.11 | Japanese for Busy People |
83 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
83 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
150 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
404 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
215 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
135 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
163 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
112 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
5750 | Morohashi |
186 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
1125 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
111 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
116 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
69 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
105 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
2554 | 2001 Kanji |
2m3.1 | The Kanji Dictionary |
1-3-2 | SKIP code |
2320.0 | Four corner code |
1-19-16 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
5916 | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 3
JLPT level N4
282 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 有 【ユウ】 existence, possession, having, limited company
- 有意義 【ユウイギ】 significant, useful, meaningful, worthwhile, valuable, of interest
- 領有 【リョウユウ】 possession (esp. of a territory)
- 公有 【コウユウ】 public ownership, public domain
- 有 【ウ】 bhava (becoming, existence)
- 有無 【ウム】 existence or nonexistence, presence or absence, consent or refusal, yes or no
- 領有 【リョウユウ】 possession (esp. of a territory)
- 公有 【コウユウ】 public ownership, public domain
Kun reading compounds
- 有る 【ある】 to be, to exist, to live, to have, to be located, to be equipped with, to happen, to come about
- ある限り 【あるかぎり】 all (there is), as long as there is
Readings
- Japanese names:
- あ、 あら、 あり、 ある、 くに、 なお、 ゆ
- Korean:
- yu
Spanish
- existir
- poseer
- tener
- ser
Portuguese
- possuir
- ter
- existir
- acontecer
- ocorrer
- aproximadamente
- haver
French
- posséder
- avoir
- être
- arriver (se passer)
523 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
423 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
401 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
268 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
3727 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
267 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
193 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
303 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
3.4 | Japanese for Busy People |
265 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
265 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
347 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
1003 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
3703 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
1895 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
2576 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
79 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
14332 | Morohashi |
2983 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
4756 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
79 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
83 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
245 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
273 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
1446 | 2001 Kanji |
4b2.3 | The Kanji Dictionary |
3-2-4 | SKIP code |
4022.7 | Four corner code |
1-45-13 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
6709 | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in junior high
JLPT level N1
854 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 償却 【ショウキャク】 repayment, redemption, depreciation, amortization, amortisation
- 償還 【ショウカン】 repayment, redemption, amortization, amortisation
- 無償 【ムショウ】 without compensation, without reward, without pay, free (of charge)
- 有償 【ユウショウ】 (involving) payment, (involving) compensation, paying a fee
Kun reading compounds
- 償う 【つぐなう】 to make up for, to compensate for, to indemnify, to recompense, to redeem (e.g. a fault), to atone for
Readings
- Korean:
- sang
Spanish
- compensación
- indemnización
- compensar
- resarcir
- recompensar
Portuguese
- reparação
- compensação
- recompensa
- redimir
- resgate
French
- compensation
- réparation
- indemnisation
- se racheter
- récompense
1412 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
1101 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
563 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
1355 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
1073 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
971 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
1003 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
712 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
139 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
199 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
129 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
155 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
994 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
1245 | Morohashi |
176 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
333 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
985 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
1060 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
1866 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
2161 | 2001 Kanji |
2a15.4 | The Kanji Dictionary |
1-2-15 | SKIP code |
2928.6 | Four corner code |
1-29-94 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
511f | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 4
JLPT level N2
189 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 軍 【グン】 army, armed forces, troops, military authorities, team, group, troupe
- 軍医 【グンイ】 military physician or surgeon
- 両軍 【リョウグン】 both armies, both teams, both sides
- 従軍 【ジュウグン】 military service, serving in a war, taking part in a campaign
Kun reading compounds
- 戦 【いくさ】 war, battle, campaign, fight, troops, forces
- 軍神 【ぐんしん】 god of war, war hero (who died in battle)
- 海兵遠征軍 【かいへいえんせいいくさ】 Marine Expeditionary Force (US)
- 大軍 【おおいくさ】 great war, great battle
Readings
- Korean:
- gun
Spanish
- ejército
- tropas
Portuguese
- exército
- força
- tropas
- guerra
- batalha
French
- armée
- forces
- troupes
- guerriers
- bataille
593 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
490 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
466 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
193 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
628 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
100 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
938 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
906 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
438 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
444 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
778 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
1771 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
2582 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
1318 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
1789 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
307 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
38179 | Morohashi |
2080 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
5943 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
301 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
323 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
36 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
522 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
3655 | 2001 Kanji |
2i7.1 | The Kanji Dictionary |
2-2-7 | SKIP code |
3750.6 | Four corner code |
1-23-19 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
8ecd | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 3
JLPT level N4
18 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 事 【ジ】 individual concrete phenomenon (as opposed to a general principle)
- 事業 【ジギョウ】 business, enterprise, venture, (commercial) activity, (business) operation, industry, (social) project, undertaking, enterprise, work, activity, program, service
- 商事 【ショウジ】 commercial affairs
- 有事 【ユウジ】 emergency
Kun reading compounds
- 事 【こと】 thing, matter, incident, occurrence, event, something serious, trouble, crisis, circumstances, situation, state of affairs, work, business, affair, after an inflectable word, creates a noun phrase indicating something the speaker does not feel close to, nominalizing suffix, pretending to ..., playing make-believe ..., alias, also known as, otherwise known as, or, necessity, need, you should ..., I advise that you ..., it's important to ...
- 事柄 【ことがら】 matter, thing, affair, circumstance
- 神事 【しんじ】 Shinto ritual
- いい事 【いいこと】 good thing, nice thing, good excuse, good grounds, good opportunity, interjection used to impress an idea or to urge a response
- 仕える 【つかえる】 to serve, to work for, to attend
Readings
- Japanese names:
- ろ
- Korean:
- sa
Spanish
- cosa
- hecho
- asunto
- acción
Portuguese
- matéria
- coisa
- fato
- negócios
- razão
- possivelmente
French
- fait
- chose
- matière
- affaire
- raison
- peut-être
230 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
309 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
293 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
32 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
272 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
73 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
108 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
768 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
2.7 | Japanese for Busy People |
80 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
80 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
237 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
30 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
4384 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
2220 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
2986 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
1164 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
241 | Morohashi |
3567 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
71 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
1156 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
1240 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
10 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
300 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
1547 | 2001 Kanji |
0a8.15 | The Kanji Dictionary |
4-8-3 | SKIP code |
5000.7 | Four corner code |
1-27-86 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
4e8b | Unicode hex code |
abet, help, save
- On:
- エン
Jōyō kanji, taught in junior high
JLPT level N1
312 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 援助 【エンジョ】 assistance, aid, support
- 援護 【エンゴ】 support, help, backing, covering (from enemy attack), protection
- 来援 【ライエン】 assistance, support
- 義捐 【ギエン】 alms, donation (esp. disaster relief or charity), contribution
Readings
- Korean:
- weon
Spanish
- ayudar
- auxiliar
- citar
- mencionar
Portuguese
- encorajar
- ajudar
- salvar
French
- renfort
- aide
- assistance
1026 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
582 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
1961 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
1564 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
1372 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
1088 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
1139 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
1270 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
912 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
715 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
428 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
536 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
1970 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
12407X | Morohashi |
586 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
2230 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
1951 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
2101 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
354 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
1539 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
1367 | 2001 Kanji |
3c9.7 | The Kanji Dictionary |
1-3-9 | SKIP code |
5204.7 | Four corner code |
1-17-71 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
63f4 | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 3
JLPT level N3
397 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 助 【ジョ】 help, rescue, assistant
- 助演 【ジョエン】 supporting performance, playing a supporting role
- 互助 【ゴジョ】 mutual aid, cooperation, benefit
- 介助 【カイジョ】 help, assistance, aid
Kun reading compounds
- 助ける 【たすける】 to save, to rescue, to spare, to help, to assist, to support (financially), to contribute (to), to provide aid, to facilitate, to stimulate, to promote, to contribute to
- 助かる 【たすかる】 to be saved, to be rescued, to survive, to escape harm, to be spared damage, to be helped, to be saved trouble
- 助 【すけ】 assistance, help, helper, babe, chick, broad
- 助っ人 【すけっと】 helper, supporter, second, backer, foreign player (hired to strengthen a team)
- 福助 【ふくすけ】 large-headed dwarf statue, bringer of good luck
- デコ助 【デコすけ】 big forehead, fivehead, asshole
Readings
- Korean:
- jo
Spanish
- ayudar
- rescatar
- salvar
- ser salvado
- ser ayudado
Portuguese
- ajuda
- resgate
- auxiliar
French
- aider
- secourir
- assister
248 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
330 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
314 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
407 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
719 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
346 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
367 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
431 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
623 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
633 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
826 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
211 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
1440 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
764 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
1037 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
1800 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
2313 | Morohashi |
1121 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
530 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
1782 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
1921 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
248 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
284 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
3945 | 2001 Kanji |
2g5.1 | The Kanji Dictionary |
1-5-2 | SKIP code |
7412.7 | Four corner code |
1-29-85 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
52a9 | Unicode hex code |