| 839 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 769 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 746 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 613 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 4684 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 459 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 954 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 1236A | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 846 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 865 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 348 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 687 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 3838 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1969 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2665 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 1477 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 38839P | Morohashi |
| 3094 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 6040 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 1465 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 1575 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 703 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
retreat, withdraw, retire, resign, repel, expel, reject
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 6
JLPT level N3
424 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 退役 【タイエキ】 retiring from military service
- 退院 【タイイン】 leaving hospital, discharge from hospital
- 進退 【シンタイ】 advance or retreat, moving forwards or backwards, movement, course of action, behaviour, conduct, attitude, remaining in one's post or resigning, staying or leaving
- 勇退 【ユウタイ】 retiring voluntarily, resigning one's post (to make way for others), stepping down, bowing out
Kun reading compounds
- 退く 【しりぞく】 to step back, to move back, to retreat, to withdraw (from the presence of a superior), to leave, to exit, to resign, to retire, to quit, to concede
- 退ける 【しりぞける】 to refuse, to reject, to turn down, to dismiss, to repel, to repulse, to drive away, to beat off, to defeat, to make (someone) leave, to send away, to turn away, to force (someone) to leave their post, to oust, to remove, to expel
- 退く 【ひく】 to move back, to draw back, to recede, to fall back, to retreat, to lessen, to subside, to ebb, to go down (e.g. of swelling), to resign, to retire, to quit
- 退く 【どく】 to step aside, to move (i.e. out of the way), to make way, to resign, to retire, to quit, to secede
- 退ける 【のける】 to put something out of the way, to move (something, someone) aside, to remove, to exclude, to take away, to set aside, to keep apart, to remove (someone) from the group, to shun, to do well despite difficulties, to accomplish despite adversity, to do resolutely, to do boldly
- 退く 【どく】 to step aside, to move (i.e. out of the way), to make way, to resign, to retire, to quit, to secede
Readings
- Korean:
- toe
Spanish
- retroceder
- retirarse
- renunciar
- dimitir
- destruir
- negar
- rechazar
- rehusar
Portuguese
- retirada
- sacar
- retirar
- pedir demissão
- repelir
- expelir
- rejeitar
French
- retraite
- se retirer
- démissionner
- repousser
- exclure
- rejeter
| 3865 | 2001 Kanji |
| 2q6.3 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 3-3-6 | SKIP code |
| 3730.3 | Four corner code |
| 1-34-64 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 9000 | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 3
JLPT level N3
89 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 化 【カ】 change to ..., becoming ..., making into ..., -ization, -ification
- 化学 【カガク】 chemistry
- 機械化 【キカイカ】 mechanization, mechanisation
- 民営化 【ミンエイカ】 privatization, privatisation
- 化粧 【ケショウ】 make-up, makeup, cosmetics, decoration, dressing, veneer
- 化粧水 【ケショウスイ】 skin lotion, face lotion
- 応化 【オウゲ】 assumption of a suitable form (by a buddha or bodhisattva)
- 教化 【キョウケ】 guidance, teaching people and leading them to Buddhism
Kun reading compounds
- 化ける 【ばける】 to take the form of (esp. in ref. to a spirit, fox, raccoon dog, etc.), to assume the shape of, to turn oneself into, to transform oneself into, to disguise oneself as, to change radically, to metamorphose, to improve unexpectedly and dramatically (esp. of an actor, artist, rikishi, etc.)
- 化かす 【ばかす】 to bewitch, to confuse, to enchant, to delude
- 老ける 【ふける】 to age, to grow old (esp. in appearance), to show marks of age
Readings
- Korean:
- hwa
Spanish
- cambiar
- transformarse
- modificarse
- disfrazarse
Portuguese
- mudança
- tomar a forma de
- influência
- encantar
- iludir
- seduzir
- -isação
French
- transformation
- prendre la forme de
- maquillage
- influence
- fantôme
- enchanter
- tromper
- chimie
- -isation
| 163 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 258 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 238 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 100 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 350 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 76 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 378 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 56 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 3.19 | Japanese for Busy People |
| 254 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 254 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 414 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 55 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 22 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 12 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 12 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 1017 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 2572X | Morohashi |
| 21 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 580 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 1008 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 1083 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 104 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 242 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 2156 | 2001 Kanji |
| 2a2.6 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 1-2-2 | SKIP code |
| 2121.0 | Four corner code |
| 2421.0 | Four corner code |
| 1-18-29 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 5316 | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 3
JLPT level N3
222 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 次 【ジ】 next, hypo- (i.e. containing an element with low valence), order, sequence, time, times
- 次回 【ジカイ】 next time (occasion)
- 三次 【サンジ】 third, tertiary, cubic (function, equation, etc.), third-order
- 数次 【スウジ】 several times
- 次第に 【シダイニ】 gradually (progress into a state), in sequence, in order, in turn
- 次第 【シダイ】 depending on, as soon as, immediately after, upon, as (e.g. "as one is told", "as one wishes"), whatever (e.g. "whatever is at hand"), order, program, programme, precedence, circumstances, course of events, state of things, reason
- 路次 【ロジ】 way, path, route, along the way, along the road
Kun reading compounds
- 次ぐ 【つぐ】 to follow, to come after, to come next (to), to rank next (to), to rank second (to)
- 次ぐ身 【つぐみ】 next in line, heir
- 次 【つぎ】 next, following, subsequent, stage, station
- 次々 【つぎつぎ】 in succession, one by one
- 五十三次 【ごじゅうさんつぎ】 fifty-three stations on the Tōkaidō (Edo-Kyoto highway in Edo-period Japan)
- 中継ぎ 【なかつぎ】 joining, joint, intermediation, acting as an intermediary, relaying, taking over, middle relief pitcher, middle reliever, pole-shaped item with a join in the middle, tea container with a lid that is the same size as the body
Readings
- Japanese names:
- き、 すき、 つぐ、 よし
- Korean:
- cha
Spanish
- siguiente
- seguir
Portuguese
- próximo
- pedido
- seqüência
French
- suivant
- ordre
- successivement
| 227 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 308 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 292 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 235 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 638 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 239 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 648 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 226 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 384 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 385 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 660 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 1120 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 58 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 38 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 39 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 482 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 15992P | Morohashi |
| 54 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2929 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 471 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 510 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 150 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 268 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 362 | 2001 Kanji |
| 2b4.1 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 1-2-4 | SKIP code |
| 3718.2 | Four corner code |
| 1-28-01 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 6b21 | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 2
JLPT level N3
148 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 数 【スウ】 several, a number of, quantity, amount, counting, figures, numbers, number, numeral, figure, number, destiny, fate, course of events, trend
- 数億年 【スウオクネン】 several hundred million years
- 複数 【フクスウ】 plural, multiple, plural (number)
- 枚数 【マイスウ】 the number of flat things, win-loss difference which influences the ranking of wrestlers
- 数 【スウ】 several, a number of, quantity, amount, counting, figures, numbers, number, numeral, figure, number, destiny, fate, course of events, trend
- 数億年 【スウオクネン】 several hundred million years
- 数牌 【シューパイ】 suited tiles
Kun reading compounds
- 数 【かず】 number, amount
- 数多く 【かずおおく】 in great numbers
- 手数 【てすう】 trouble, bother, number of moves (in go, shogi, etc.), number of punches
- 口数 【くちかず】 number of words a person speaks, number of dependents, number of mouths to feed, number of shares, items, applications, etc.
- 数える 【かぞえる】 to count, to enumerate
- 屡々 【しばしば】 often, again and again, frequently, repeatedly
Readings
- Japanese names:
- じゅ
- Korean:
- su, chog
Spanish
- número
- cifra
- contar
Portuguese
- número
- vigor
- destino
- lei
- figuras
French
- nombre
- compter
- destin
- loi
- chiffres
| 262 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 168 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 151 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 188 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 2057 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 429 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 592 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 2169 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 3.6 | Japanese for Busy People |
| 225 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 225 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 529 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 945 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 2245 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1170 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1591 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 938 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 13319 | Morohashi |
| 1790 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2353 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 929 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 998 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 159 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 227 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 1066 | 2001 Kanji |
| 4i9.1 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 1-9-4 | SKIP code |
| 9844.0 | Four corner code |
| 1-31-84 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 6570 | Unicode hex code |