| 121 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 201 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 184 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 11 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 213 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 27 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 63 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 771 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 2.10 | Japanese for Busy People |
| 71 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 71 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 39 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 1053 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 4385 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2221 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2987 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 516 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 14499 | Morohashi |
| 3568 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2596 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 504 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 543 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 108 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 164 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 2
JLPT level N5
37 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 東欧 【トウオウ】 Eastern Europe
- 東亜 【トウア】 East Asia, the Orient
- 北北東 【ホクホクトウ】 north-northeast, north-north-east
- 東北東 【トウホクトウ】 east-northeast, ENE
Kun reading compounds
- 東 【ひがし】 east
- 東方 【とうほう】 eastern direction, the Orient, eastern fighter in a match (e.g. sumo wrestling)
- 犬が西向きゃ尾は東 【いぬがにしむきゃおはひがし】 that goes without saying, water is wet, when a dog turns west, its tail turns east
Readings
- Japanese names:
- あい、 あがり、 あずま、 あづま、 こち、 さき、 しの、 とお、 はる、 ひが、 もと
- Korean:
- dong
Spanish
- Este
Portuguese
- Oriente
French
- Est
| 1564 | 2001 Kanji |
| 0a8.9 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 4-8-3 | SKIP code |
| 5090.6 | Four corner code |
| 1-37-76 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 6771 | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in junior high
JLPT level N1
1276 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 帝国 【テイコク】 empire, imperial
- 帝京 【テイキョウ】 the capital
- 女帝 【ジョテイ】 empress
- 大帝 【タイテイ】 great emperor, ... the Great
Kun reading compounds
- 帝 【みかど】 emperor (of Japan), mikado, (the gates of an) imperial residence
- 帝揚羽 【みかどあげは】 common jay (species of swallowtail butterfly, Graphium doson)
- 時の帝 【ときのみかど】 emperor of the time
Readings
- Korean:
- je
Spanish
- soberano
- emperador
Portuguese
- soberano
- o imperador
- Deus
- criador
French
- souverain
- empereur
- dieu
- créateur
| 1616 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 1024 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 305 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 906 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 1250 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 971 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 1179 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 1237 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 1066 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 561 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 2573 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1315 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1786 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 442 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 8865 | Morohashi |
| 2073 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1560 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 435 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 466 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 1250 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 444 | 2001 Kanji |
| 2j7.1 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 2-2-7 | SKIP code |
| 2-6-3 | SKIP code |
| 0022.7 | Four corner code |
| 1-36-75 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 5e1d | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 2
JLPT level N5
3 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 国益 【コクエキ】 national interest
- 国営 【コクエイ】 government management, state management
- 最恵国 【サイケイコク】 most favored nation, most favoured nation, MFN
- 異国 【イコク】 foreign country
Kun reading compounds
- 国 【くに】 country, state, region, national government, central government, home (i.e. hometown, home country), province (of Japan), land, earth
- 国人 【こくじん】 indigenous person, inhabitant of a country, local, native, local lords and samurai, daimyo who did not leave his domains to meet the shogun in Kyoto (during the Muromachi period)
- お国 【おくに】 your native country, your hometown, my home country (i.e. Japan), countryside, country, daimyo's territory (Edo period)
- 現国 【うつしくに】 world of mankind, this world
Readings
- Japanese names:
- くな、 こ
- Korean:
- gug
Spanish
- país
Portuguese
- País
- terra
- nação
French
- pays
| 79 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 136 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 123 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 8 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 1037 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 111 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 36 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 745 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 2.11 | Japanese for Busy People |
| 40 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 40 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 151 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 344 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 3831 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1964 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2659 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 588 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 4752 | Morohashi |
| 3087 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 950 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 581 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 624 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 4 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 158 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 3172 | 2001 Kanji |
| 3s5.1 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 3-3-5 | SKIP code |
| 6010.3 | Four corner code |
| 1-25-81 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 56fd | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 5
JLPT level N3
159 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 支 【シ】 China
- 支援 【シエン】 support, backing, aid, assistance
- 気管支 【キカンシ】 bronchus, bronchial tube
- 干支 【エト】 sexagenary cycle, 60-term cycle of 12 zodiac animals combined with 5 elements in the traditional Chinese calendar; currently used in Japan for years, historically also for days, 12-year Chinese zodiac
Kun reading compounds
- 支える 【ささえる】 to support, to prop, to sustain, to underlay, to hold up, to defend, to hold at bay, to stem, to check
- 閊える 【つかえる】 to stick, to get stuck, to get caught, to get jammed, to clog, to be unavailable, to be busy, to be occupied, to be full, to be piled up (e.g. of work), to halt (in one's speech), to stumble (over one's words), to stutter, to stammer, to feel blocked (of one's chest or throat, due to grief, anxiety, illness, etc.), to feel pressure, to feel pain
- 支う 【かう】 to support, to prop up
Readings
- Korean:
- ji
Spanish
- soporte
- apoyo
- rama
- pago
- interferencia
- soportar
- sostener
Portuguese
- ramo
- apoio
- sustentar
French
- soutien
- support
- branche
- filiale
- succursale
- radical branche (no. 65)
| 621 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 717 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 691 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 302 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 2039 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 115 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 583 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 63 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 2.4 | Japanese for Busy People |
| 318 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 318 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 368 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 932 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 2473 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1251 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1717 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 718 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 13061 | Morohashi |
| 1979 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2324 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 711 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 768 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 185 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 642 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 1467 | 2001 Kanji |
| 2k2.1 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 2-2-2 | SKIP code |
| 4040.7 | Four corner code |
| 1-27-57 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 652f | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 3
JLPT level N3
359 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 配給 【ハイキュウ】 distribution (e.g. films, rice), rationing (e.g. food, gasoline), food ration
- 配管 【ハイカン】 plumbing, piping
- 無配 【ムハイ】 without dividend
- 宅配 【タクハイ】 home delivery
Kun reading compounds
- 配る 【くばる】 to distribute, to hand out, to deliver, to deal out, to serve out, to allot, to allocate, to place (staff, soldiers, etc.), to station
Readings
- Korean:
- bae
Spanish
- distribuir
- racionar
Portuguese
- distribuir
- cônjuge
- exílio
- racionamento
French
- distribuer
- épouse
- exiler
- rationner
| 299 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 388 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 368 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 304 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 4779 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 430 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 971 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 1141 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 3.14 | Japanese for Busy People |
| 515 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 524 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 727 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 1790 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 1853 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 981 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1330 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 1448 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 39771 | Morohashi |
| 1460 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 6163 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 1436 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 1544 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 308 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 363 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 3256 | 2001 Kanji |
| 7e3.2 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 1-7-3 | SKIP code |
| 1761.7 | Four corner code |
| 1-39-59 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 914d | Unicode hex code |
below, down, descend, give, low, inferior
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 1
JLPT level N5
97 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 下 【カ】 under (influence, control, conditions, etc. of), during (war, occupation, etc.)
- 下位 【カイ】 low rank, lower position, subordinate position, lower order (e.g. byte)
- 陛下 【ヘイカ】 Your Majesty, His Majesty, Her Majesty
- 最下 【サイカ】 the lowest, the worst
- 下 【ゲ】 lowness (of degree, value, etc.), inferiority, second volume (of two), third volume (of three)
- 下山 【ゲザン】 descending a mountain, descent
- 高下 【コウゲ】 rise and fall (e.g. prices), fluctuation, difference (rank, grade, quality, etc.), variation
- 帯下 【タイゲ】 leukorrhoea, leucorrhoea, leukorrhea, leucorrhea, mucous discharge from female genitals
Kun reading compounds
- 下 【した】 below, down, under, younger (e.g. daughter), bottom, beneath, underneath, just after, right after, inferiority, one's inferior (i.e. one's junior), trade-in, preliminary, preparatory
- 下請け 【したうけ】 subcontract, subcontractor (person or company)
- 幕下 【まくした】 third highest division, wrestlers of the third highest division
- 上下 【うえした】 top and bottom, up and down, high and low, above and below, upper and lower ends, upside-down
- 下 【しも】 lower reaches (of a river), bottom, lower part, lower half (of the body, esp. the privates), feces (faeces), urine, menses, end, far from the imperial palace (i.e. far from Kyoto, esp. of western Japan), dirty (e.g. dirty jokes, etc.)
- 下期 【しもき】 second half of the (fiscal) year
- 風下 【かざしも】 leeward, lee, downwind
- 裃 【かみしも】 samurai costume, old ceremonial costume, top and bottom, up and down, high and low, above and below, upper and lower ends
- 下 【もと】 under (guidance, supervision, rules, the law, etc.), under (a flag, the sun, etc.), beneath, with (e.g. one blow), on (the promise, condition, assumption, etc. that ...), in (e.g. the name of ...), (someone's) side, (someone's) location
- 山元 【やまもと】 foot of a mountain, base of a mountain, mine, colliery, owner of a mountain, operator of a mine
- お膝元 【おひざもと】 beside a nobleman, close aid (of a nobleman, etc.), place where a high ranking person resides, one's own city (of a shogun, lord, etc.), Imperial capital, Imperial court, (shogun's) headquarters, place under one's direct control, one's own turf, one's own backyard
- 下げる 【さげる】 to hang, to suspend, to wear (e.g. decoration), to lower, to reduce, to bring down, to demote, to move back, to pull back, to clear (plates), to remove (food, etc. from table or altar), to keep on playing after one has formed a scoring combination with captured cards
- 下がる 【さがる】 to come down, to go down, to fall, to drop, to sink, to get lower, to hang, to dangle, to move back, to step back, to withdraw, to retire, to deteriorate, to fall off, to be downgraded, to get closer to the present day, below, south of
- 下る 【くだる】 to descend, to go down, to come down, to be handed down (of an order, judgment, etc.), to pass (of time), to surrender, to capitulate, to be less than, to be inferior to, to have the runs, to have diarrhea, to pass (in stool), to be discharged from the body, to depreciate oneself, to be humble
- 下り 【くだり】 down-train, train heading toward the ending point of its route, down-slope, downward going, downbound (esp. away from Tokyo), downstream, downhill
- 下り坂 【くだりざか】 downhill, downward slope, descent, decline, waning, ebb, (going) downhill
- 下す 【くだす】 to make a decision, to draw a conclusion, to give a judgement, to hand down a verdict, to pass a sentence, to give an order, to let go down, to lower, to do oneself, to do by oneself, to beat, to defeat, to have loose bowels, to have diarrhea, to pass (in stool), to discharge from the body, to do in one go, to do to the end without stopping
- 下さる 【くださる】 to give, to confer, to bestow, to kindly do for one, to oblige, to favour, to favor
- 下ろす 【おろす】 to take down, to bring down, to lower (a hand, flag, shutter, etc.), to drop (an anchor, curtain, etc.), to let down (hair), to launch (a boat), to drop off (a passenger), to let off, to unload (goods, a truck, etc.), to offload, to discharge, to withdraw (money), to use for the first time, to wear for the first time, to cut off, to fillet (fish), to grate (e.g. radish), to prune (branches), to remove (someone from a position), to oust, to drop, to clear (the table), to remove (offerings from an altar), to pass down (e.g. old clothes), to hand down, to expel from the body (e.g. worms), to abort (a fetus), to invoke (a spirit), to call down
- 降りる 【おりる】 to descend (e.g. a mountain), to go down, to come down, to alight (e.g. from bus), to get off, to disembark, to dismount, to step down, to retire, to give up, to quit, to fold, to be granted, to be issued, to be given, to form (of frost, dew, mist, etc.), to be passed (from the body; e.g. of a roundworm)
Readings
- Japanese names:
- さか、 しと
- Korean:
- ha
Spanish
- debajo
- inferior
- debajo de
- parte inferior
Portuguese
- baixo
- abaixo
- descende
- inferior
- sub
- sob
French
- au-dessous
- descendre
- bas
- donner (vous me donnez)
- inférieur
| 21 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 24 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 7 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 72 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 9 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 30 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 6 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 46 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 2.1 | Japanese for Busy People |
| 31 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 31 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 32 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 4 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 4186 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2115 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2862 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 50 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 14 | Morohashi |
| 3378 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 9 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 50 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 51 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 75 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 13 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 3154 | 2001 Kanji |
| 2m1.2 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 4-3-1 | SKIP code |
| 1023.0 | Four corner code |
| 1-18-28 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 4e0b | Unicode hex code |