| 111 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 184 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 167 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 40 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 1056 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 143 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 143 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 241 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 2.1 | Japanese for Busy People |
| 118 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 118 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 146 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 367 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 236 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 152 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 181 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 521 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 4890 | Morohashi |
| 204 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 976 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 515 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 554 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 45 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 130 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 2
JLPT level N4
40 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 地 【チ】 earth, ground, land, soil, place, territory, bottom (of a package, book, etc.), earth (one of the five elements)
- 地位 【チイ】 (social) position, status, standing, position (in a company, organization, etc.), post, rank
- 奥地 【オクチ】 interior, backwoods, hinterland, back regions
- 対地 【タイチ】 ground to ground
- 地 【ジ】 ground, land, earth, soil, the region in question, the local area, skin, texture, fabric, material, weave, base, background, one's true nature, narrative (i.e. descriptive part of a story), real life, actuality, captured territory, noh chorus, accompaniment music (in Japanese dance), basic phrase (in Japanese music; usu. repetitive), base part (of multiple shamisens)
- 地合い 【ジアイ】 texture (cloth, fabric, paper), market tone, undertone, balance between the position of white and black stones
- 下地 【シタジ】 groundwork, foundation, inclination, aptitude, elementary knowledge (of), grounding (in), undercoat, first coat, soy sauce
- 築地 【ツイジ】 mud wall with a roof, roofed mud wall
Readings
- Japanese names:
- どま
- Korean:
- ji
Spanish
- suelo
- tierra
- terreno
- posición
Portuguese
- terra
- chão
French
- sol
- terre
| 1456 | 2001 Kanji |
| 3b3.1 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 1-3-3 | SKIP code |
| 4411.2 | Four corner code |
| 1-35-47 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 5730 | Unicode hex code |
below, down, descend, give, low, inferior
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 1
JLPT level N5
97 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 下 【カ】 under (influence, control, conditions, etc. of), during (war, occupation, etc.)
- 下位 【カイ】 low rank, lower position, subordinate position, lower order (e.g. byte)
- 陛下 【ヘイカ】 Your Majesty, His Majesty, Her Majesty
- 最下 【サイカ】 the lowest, the worst
- 下 【ゲ】 lowness (of degree, value, etc.), inferiority, second volume (of two), third volume (of three)
- 下山 【ゲザン】 descending a mountain, descent
- 高下 【コウゲ】 rise and fall (e.g. prices), fluctuation, difference (rank, grade, quality, etc.), variation
- 帯下 【タイゲ】 leukorrhoea, leucorrhoea, leukorrhea, leucorrhea, mucous discharge from female genitals
Kun reading compounds
- 下 【した】 below, down, under, younger (e.g. daughter), bottom, beneath, underneath, just after, right after, inferiority, one's inferior (i.e. one's junior), trade-in, preliminary, preparatory
- 下請け 【したうけ】 subcontract, subcontractor (person or company)
- 幕下 【まくした】 third highest division, wrestlers of the third highest division
- 上下 【うえした】 top and bottom, up and down, high and low, above and below, upper and lower ends, upside-down
- 下 【しも】 lower reaches (of a river), bottom, lower part, lower half (of the body, esp. the privates), feces (faeces), urine, menses, end, far from the imperial palace (i.e. far from Kyoto, esp. of western Japan), dirty (e.g. dirty jokes, etc.)
- 下期 【しもき】 second half of the (fiscal) year
- 風下 【かざしも】 leeward, lee, downwind
- 裃 【かみしも】 samurai costume, old ceremonial costume, top and bottom, up and down, high and low, above and below, upper and lower ends
- 下 【もと】 under (guidance, supervision, rules, the law, etc.), under (a flag, the sun, etc.), beneath, with (e.g. one blow), on (the promise, condition, assumption, etc. that ...), in (e.g. the name of ...), (someone's) side, (someone's) location
- 山元 【やまもと】 foot of a mountain, base of a mountain, mine, colliery, owner of a mountain, operator of a mine
- お膝元 【おひざもと】 beside a nobleman, close aid (of a nobleman, etc.), place where a high ranking person resides, one's own city (of a shogun, lord, etc.), Imperial capital, Imperial court, (shogun's) headquarters, place under one's direct control, one's own turf, one's own backyard
- 下げる 【さげる】 to hang, to suspend, to wear (e.g. decoration), to lower, to reduce, to bring down, to demote, to move back, to pull back, to clear (plates), to remove (food, etc. from table or altar), to keep on playing after one has formed a scoring combination with captured cards
- 下がる 【さがる】 to come down, to go down, to fall, to drop, to sink, to get lower, to hang, to dangle, to move back, to step back, to withdraw, to retire, to deteriorate, to fall off, to be downgraded, to get closer to the present day, below, south of
- 下る 【くだる】 to descend, to go down, to come down, to be handed down (of an order, judgment, etc.), to pass (of time), to surrender, to capitulate, to be less than, to be inferior to, to have the runs, to have diarrhea, to pass (in stool), to be discharged from the body, to depreciate oneself, to be humble
- 下り 【くだり】 down-train, train heading toward the ending point of its route, down-slope, downward going, downbound (esp. away from Tokyo), downstream, downhill
- 下り坂 【くだりざか】 downhill, downward slope, descent, decline, waning, ebb, (going) downhill
- 下す 【くだす】 to make a decision, to draw a conclusion, to give a judgement, to hand down a verdict, to pass a sentence, to give an order, to let go down, to lower, to do oneself, to do by oneself, to beat, to defeat, to have loose bowels, to have diarrhea, to pass (in stool), to discharge from the body, to do in one go, to do to the end without stopping
- 下さる 【くださる】 to give, to confer, to bestow, to kindly do for one, to oblige, to favour, to favor
- 下ろす 【おろす】 to take down, to bring down, to lower (a hand, flag, shutter, etc.), to drop (an anchor, curtain, etc.), to let down (hair), to launch (a boat), to drop off (a passenger), to let off, to unload (goods, a truck, etc.), to offload, to discharge, to withdraw (money), to use for the first time, to wear for the first time, to cut off, to fillet (fish), to grate (e.g. radish), to prune (branches), to remove (someone from a position), to oust, to drop, to clear (the table), to remove (offerings from an altar), to pass down (e.g. old clothes), to hand down, to expel from the body (e.g. worms), to abort (a fetus), to invoke (a spirit), to call down
- 降りる 【おりる】 to descend (e.g. a mountain), to go down, to come down, to alight (e.g. from bus), to get off, to disembark, to dismount, to step down, to retire, to give up, to quit, to fold, to be granted, to be issued, to be given, to form (of frost, dew, mist, etc.), to be passed (from the body; e.g. of a roundworm)
Readings
- Japanese names:
- さか、 しと
- Korean:
- ha
Spanish
- debajo
- inferior
- debajo de
- parte inferior
Portuguese
- baixo
- abaixo
- descende
- inferior
- sub
- sob
French
- au-dessous
- descendre
- bas
- donner (vous me donnez)
- inférieur
| 21 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 24 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 7 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 72 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 9 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 30 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 6 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 46 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 2.1 | Japanese for Busy People |
| 31 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 31 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 32 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 4 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 4186 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2115 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2862 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 50 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 14 | Morohashi |
| 3378 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 9 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 50 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 51 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 75 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 13 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 3154 | 2001 Kanji |
| 2m1.2 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 4-3-1 | SKIP code |
| 1023.0 | Four corner code |
| 1-18-28 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 4e0b | Unicode hex code |
nucleus, core, kernel
- On:
- カク
Jōyō kanji, taught in junior high
JLPT level N1
475 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 核 【カク】 stone (of a fruit), pit, pip, core (of an organization, team, etc.), nucleus, heart, nuclear weapons, nucleus (of an atom), nucleus (of a cell), condensation nucleus, (planetary) core, ring (in a cyclic compound), kernel, core, nucleus (of a cultured pearl)
- 核家族 【カクカゾク】 nuclear family
- 中核 【チュウカク】 kernel, core, nucleus, center, centre
- 放射性同位核 【ホウシャセイドウイカク】 radioisotope
Readings
- Korean:
- haeg
Spanish
- semilla
- núcleo
- centro
- meollo
Portuguese
- núcleo
- centro
- cerne
French
- noyau
- nucléaire
- coeur
| 1074 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 577 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 2254 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 1608 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 1430 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 1212 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 1275 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 986 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 1089 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 1162 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 628 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 836 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 1534 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 14743 | Morohashi |
| 927 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2660 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 1520 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 1638 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 1348 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 1862 | 2001 Kanji |
| 4a6.22 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 1-4-6 | SKIP code |
| 4098.2 | Four corner code |
| 1-19-43 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 6838 | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 3
JLPT level N3
68 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 実 【ジツ】 truth, reality, sincerity, honesty, fidelity, content, substance, (good) result
- 実演 【ジツエン】 demonstration, presentation, stage show, performance
- 名実 【メイジツ】 in name and in reality, nominally and virtually, form and contents
- 内実 【ナイジツ】 the facts, the truth, the true state of affairs, in truth, in fact, in reality, actually
- 故実 【コジツ】 ancient practices, old customs
Kun reading compounds
- 実 【み】 fruit, nut, seed, (in broth) pieces of meat, vegetable, etc., content, substance
- 実り 【みのり】 ripening (of a crop), crop, harvest
- 浮き実 【うきみ】 soup garnish
- 桷 【ずみ】 Toringo crabapple (Malus sieboldii)
- 実る 【みのる】 to bear fruit, to ripen, to produce (good) results, to show results, to bear fruit
- 実るほど頭の下がる稲穂かな 【みのるほどあたまのさがるいなほかな】 the more learned, the more humble, the boughs bearing the most hang lowest
- 誠 【まこと】 truth, reality, fact, sincerity, honesty, faithfulness, good faith, indeed, really, absolutely, truly, actually, very, quite
- 実に 【じつに】 indeed, really, absolutely, truly, actually, very, quite
- 嘘から出たまこと 【うそからでたまこと】 something intended as a lie or joke which (by chance) ends up being true, lie turned truth
- 実り 【みのり】 ripening (of a crop), crop, harvest
- 実る 【みのる】 to bear fruit, to ripen, to produce (good) results, to show results, to bear fruit
Readings
- Japanese names:
- ぐみ、 さね
- Korean:
- sil
Spanish
- realidad
- verdad
- fruta
- nuez
- semilla
- contenido
- buen resultado
- dar frutos
- madurar
Portuguese
- realidade
- verdade
French
- réalité
- vérité
| 233 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 312 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 296 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 89 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 1297 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 233 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 466 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 678 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 3.20 | Japanese for Busy People |
| 203 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 203 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 672 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 470 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 2765 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1416 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1911 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 1586 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 7124 | Morohashi |
| 2225 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1324 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 1572 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 1694 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 37 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 301 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 763 | 2001 Kanji |
| 3m5.4 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 2-3-5 | SKIP code |
| 3053.0 | Four corner code |
| 1-28-34 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 5b9f | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 4
JLPT level N4
410 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 験 【ゲン】 effect, efficacy, omen
- 験者 【ケンザ】 mountaineering ascetic, practitioner of mountain asceticism
- 治験 【チケン】 clinical trial
- 筆記試験 【ヒッキシケン】 written examination
- 験 【ゲン】 effect, efficacy, omen
- ゲン担ぎ 【ゲンカツギ】 superstition, acting superstitiously (for good luck)
- 霊験 【レイゲン】 miraculous efficacy, miracle, miraculous virtue
Kun reading compounds
- 徴 【しるし】 sign, indication, omen
- 試す 【ためす】 to try (out), to have a try (at), to test, to put to the test
- 試し 【ためし】 trial, test
Readings
- Korean:
- heom
Spanish
- prueba
- intento
- efecto
Portuguese
- verificação
- efeito
- teste
French
- vérification
- examen
- effet
| 600 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 500 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 475 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 404 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 5220 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 355 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 282 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 2.9 | Japanese for Busy People |
| 532 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 541 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 793 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 1920 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 2306 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1192 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1628 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 1999 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 44835 | Morohashi |
| 1833 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 6758 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 1980 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 2134 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 385 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 635 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 3463 | 2001 Kanji |
| 10a8.4 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 1-10-8 | SKIP code |
| 7833.6 | Four corner code |
| 1-24-19 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 9a13 | Unicode hex code |