1286 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
1605 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
4901 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
1698 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
1856 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
1819 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
1968 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
1338 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
1832 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
2213 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
1156 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
1573 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
1956 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
40708P | Morohashi |
1761 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
6325 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
1937 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
2087 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
1908 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
Jōyō kanji, taught in junior high
JLPT level N1
1250 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 鎖国 【サコク】 national isolation, closing the country (to foreigners), sakoku, policy of national isolation enacted by the Tokugawa shogunate
- 鎖骨 【サコツ】 collarbone, clavicle
- 経済封鎖 【ケイザイフウサ】 economic blockade, embargo
- 学級閉鎖 【ガッキュウヘイサ】 temporary closing of classes
Kun reading compounds
- 鎖 【くさり】 chain, chains
- 鎖編み 【くさりあみ】 chain stitch
- 救命の鎖 【きゅうめいのくさり】 chain of survival
- 人間の鎖 【にんげんのくさり】 human chain (chain of people holding hands, usually in protest)
- 閉ざす 【とざす】 to shut, to close, to fasten, to lock, to block (a street, entrance, etc.), to shut in (with snow, ice, etc.), to shut off, to cut off, to cover (e.g. in darkness), to consume (with negative feelings), to fill (e.g. with sadness), to bury (e.g. in grief)
Readings
- Korean:
- swae
Spanish
- conexión
- cerrar
- cadena
Portuguese
- cadeias
- ferros
- conexão
French
- chaîne
- fers
- liens
2861 | 2001 Kanji |
8a10.2 | The Kanji Dictionary |
1-8-10 | SKIP code |
8918.6 | Four corner code |
1-26-31 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
9396 | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 6
JLPT level N2
936 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 骨 【コツ】 knack, skill, trick, secret, know-how, the ropes, hang, bone, skeleton, cremated remains (esp. the bones), ashes
- 骨髄 【コツズイ】 bone marrow, medulla, true spirit, one's mind
- 白骨 【ハッコツ】 white (bleached) bone, skeleton
- 鉄骨 【テッコツ】 steel frame, steel beam, steel girder
Kun reading compounds
- 骨 【ほね】 bone, frame, outline, core, backbone, spirit, fortitude, laborious, troublesome, difficult
- 骨抜き 【ほねぬき】 boning (fish or meat), deboning, watering down (a plan, bill, etc.), dilution, emasculation, taking the backbone out of, weakening
- 河骨 【こうほね】 Japanese spatterdock (species of water lily, Nuphar japonica)
- お骨 【おこつ】 cremated remains (esp. the bones), ashes
Readings
- Korean:
- gol
Spanish
- hueso
- esqueleto
Portuguese
- esqueleto
- osso
- permanecer
- moldura
French
- os
- squelette
- restes
- charpente
877 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
867 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
1081 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
5236 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
971 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
1017 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
1213 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
1266 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
1340 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
1104 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
1922 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
3288 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
1699 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
2310 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
1297 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
45098 | Morohashi |
2654 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
6784 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
1288 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
1383 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
899 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
3646 | 2001 Kanji |
4b6.14 | The Kanji Dictionary |
2-6-4 | SKIP code |
7722.7 | Four corner code |
1-25-92 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
9aa8 | Unicode hex code |
below, down, descend, give, low, inferior
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 1
JLPT level N5
97 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 下 【カ】 under (influence, control, conditions, etc. of), during (war, occupation, etc.)
- 下位 【カイ】 low rank, lower position, subordinate position, lower order (e.g. byte)
- 陛下 【ヘイカ】 Your Majesty, His Majesty, Her Majesty
- 最下 【サイカ】 the lowest, the worst
- 下 【ゲ】 lowness (of degree, value, etc.), inferiority, second volume (of two), third volume (of three)
- 下山 【ゲザン】 descending a mountain, descent
- 高下 【コウゲ】 rise and fall (e.g. prices), fluctuation, difference (rank, grade, quality, etc.), variation
- 帯下 【タイゲ】 leukorrhoea, leucorrhoea, leukorrhea, leucorrhea, mucous discharge from female genitals
Kun reading compounds
- 下 【した】 below, down, under, younger (e.g. daughter), bottom, beneath, underneath, just after, right after, inferiority, one's inferior (i.e. one's junior), trade-in, preliminary, preparatory
- 下請け 【したうけ】 subcontract, subcontractor (person or company)
- 幕下 【まくした】 third highest division, wrestlers of the third highest division
- 上下 【うえした】 top and bottom, up and down, high and low, above and below, upper and lower ends, upside-down
- 下 【しも】 lower reaches (of a river), bottom, lower part, lower half (of the body, esp. the privates), feces (faeces), urine, menses, end, far from the imperial palace (i.e. far from Kyoto, esp. of western Japan), dirty (e.g. dirty jokes, etc.)
- 下期 【しもき】 second half of the (fiscal) year
- 風下 【かざしも】 leeward, lee, downwind
- 裃 【かみしも】 samurai costume, old ceremonial costume, top and bottom, up and down, high and low, above and below, upper and lower ends
- 下 【もと】 under (guidance, supervision, rules, the law, etc.), under (a flag, the sun, etc.), beneath, with (e.g. one blow), on (the promise, condition, assumption, etc. that ...), in (e.g. the name of ...), (someone's) side, (someone's) location
- 山元 【やまもと】 foot of a mountain, base of a mountain, mine, colliery, owner of a mountain, operator of a mine
- お膝元 【おひざもと】 beside a nobleman, close aid (of a nobleman, etc.), place where a high ranking person resides, one's own city (of a shogun, lord, etc.), Imperial capital, Imperial court, (shogun's) headquarters, place under one's direct control, one's own turf, one's own backyard
- 下げる 【さげる】 to hang, to suspend, to wear (e.g. decoration), to lower, to reduce, to bring down, to demote, to move back, to pull back, to clear (plates), to remove (food, etc. from table or altar), to keep on playing after one has formed a scoring combination with captured cards
- 下がる 【さがる】 to come down, to go down, to fall, to drop, to sink, to get lower, to hang, to dangle, to move back, to step back, to withdraw, to retire, to deteriorate, to fall off, to be downgraded, to get closer to the present day, below, south of
- 下る 【くだる】 to descend, to go down, to come down, to be handed down (of an order, judgment, etc.), to pass (of time), to surrender, to capitulate, to be less than, to be inferior to, to have the runs, to have diarrhea, to pass (in stool), to be discharged from the body, to depreciate oneself, to be humble
- 下り 【くだり】 down-train, train heading toward the ending point of its route, down-slope, downward going, downbound (esp. away from Tokyo), downstream, downhill
- 下り坂 【くだりざか】 downhill, downward slope, descent, decline, waning, ebb, (going) downhill
- 下す 【くだす】 to make a decision, to draw a conclusion, to give a judgement, to hand down a verdict, to pass a sentence, to give an order, to let go down, to lower, to do oneself, to do by oneself, to beat, to defeat, to have loose bowels, to have diarrhea, to pass (in stool), to discharge from the body, to do in one go, to do to the end without stopping
- 下さる 【くださる】 to give, to confer, to bestow, to kindly do for one, to oblige, to favour, to favor
- 下ろす 【おろす】 to take down, to bring down, to lower (a hand, flag, shutter, etc.), to drop (an anchor, curtain, etc.), to let down (hair), to launch (a boat), to drop off (a passenger), to let off, to unload (goods, a truck, etc.), to offload, to discharge, to withdraw (money), to use for the first time, to wear for the first time, to cut off, to fillet (fish), to grate (e.g. radish), to prune (branches), to remove (someone from a position), to oust, to drop, to clear (the table), to remove (offerings from an altar), to pass down (e.g. old clothes), to hand down, to expel from the body (e.g. worms), to abort (a fetus), to invoke (a spirit), to call down
- 降りる 【おりる】 to descend (e.g. a mountain), to go down, to come down, to alight (e.g. from bus), to get off, to disembark, to dismount, to step down, to retire, to give up, to quit, to fold, to be granted, to be issued, to be given, to form (of frost, dew, mist, etc.), to be passed (from the body; e.g. of a roundworm)
Readings
- Japanese names:
- さか、 しと
- Korean:
- ha
Spanish
- debajo
- inferior
- debajo de
- parte inferior
Portuguese
- baixo
- abaixo
- descende
- inferior
- sub
- sob
French
- au-dessous
- descendre
- bas
- donner (vous me donnez)
- inférieur
21 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
24 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
7 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
72 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
9 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
30 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
6 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
46 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
2.1 | Japanese for Busy People |
31 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
31 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
32 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
4 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
4186 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
2115 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
2862 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
50 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
14 | Morohashi |
3378 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
9 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
50 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
51 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
75 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
13 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
3154 | 2001 Kanji |
2m1.2 | The Kanji Dictionary |
4-3-1 | SKIP code |
1023.0 | Four corner code |
1-18-28 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
4e0b | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 4
JLPT level N3
764 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 静 【セイ】 stillness, quiet, peacefulness
- 静観 【セイカン】 watchful waiting, careful supervision
- 沈静 【チンセイ】 settling down, quieting down, cooling down, cooling off, stillness, quiet, tranquility
- 寧静 【ネイセイ】 calm, peace, tranquility
- 静脈 【ジョウミャク】 vein
- 静注 【ジョウチュウ】 intravenous injection, IV
- 寂静 【ジャクジョウ】 quiet, stillness, tranquility, enlightenment, nirvana
- 涅槃寂静 【ネハンジャクジョウ】 enlightenment leads to serenity
Kun reading compounds
- 静か 【しずか】 quiet, silent, slow, unhurried, calm, peaceful
- 静かに 【しずかに】 calmly, quietly, gently, peacefully, be quiet!
- 二人静 【ふたりしずか】 Chloranthus serratus (species of flowering plant)
- 一人静 【ひとりしずか】 Chloranthus japonicus
- 静まる 【しずまる】 to become quiet, to quiet down, to quieten down, to calm down, to die down, to subside, to abate, to be suppressed
- 静める 【しずめる】 to quiet (a child, crowd, etc.), to quieten, to make quiet, to calm (one's nerves, excitement, etc.), to compose (oneself), to appease (someone's anger), to pacify, to settle (e.g. discord), to suppress (a rebellion, riot, fire, etc.), to quell, to put down, to get under control, to relieve (a cough, pain, etc.), to soothe, to alleviate, to ease, to appease (a spirit, soul, etc.), to pacify, to soothe
Readings
- Japanese names:
- しづ
- Korean:
- jeong
Spanish
- quieto
- tranquilo
- calmado
- tranquilo [na]
- calmarse
- calmar
Portuguese
- calmo
French
- calme
442 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
548 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
519 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
632 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
5077 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
703 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
1000 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
2145 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
2.19 | Japanese for Busy People |
663 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
674 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
247 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
1872 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
2164 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
1138 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
1539 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
1554 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
42574P | Morohashi |
1728 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
6560 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
1540 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
1660 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
619 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
1447 | 2001 Kanji |
4b10.9 | The Kanji Dictionary |
1-8-6 | SKIP code |
5725.7 | Four corner code |
1-32-37 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
9759 | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 5
JLPT level N1
1477 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 脈 【ミャク】 pulse, vein, chain (of mountains, etc.), hope, thread (of an argument)
- 脈拍 【ミャクハク】 pulse, pulse rate, pulsation, stroke of pulse
- 大動脈 【ダイドウミャク】 aorta, important traffic route
- 動脈 【ドウミャク】 artery, arterial road, major route
Readings
- Korean:
- maeg
Spanish
- vena
- pulso
- esperanza
Portuguese
- veia
- pulso
- esperança
French
- veine
- pouls
- chaîne (montagne)
- espoir
517 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
618 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
589 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
1454 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
3764 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
813 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
1676 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
913 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
935 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
1353 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
1033 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
1189 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
648 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
860 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
1873 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
29470 | Morohashi |
953 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
4805 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
1856 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
2000 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
557 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
3965 | 2001 Kanji |
4b6.8 | The Kanji Dictionary |
1-4-6 | SKIP code |
7223.2 | Four corner code |
1-44-14 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
8108 | Unicode hex code |