| 20 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 23 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 37 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 21 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 798 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 29 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 5 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 47 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 2.14 | Japanese for Busy People |
| 32 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 32 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 31 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 6 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 4212 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2128 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2876 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 49 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 13 | Morohashi |
| 3404 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 10 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 49 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 50 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 29 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 12 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
above, up
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 1
JLPT level N5
35 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 上 【ジョウ】 from the standpoint of, from the viewpoint of, with respect to, in terms of, as a matter of, in view of, so far as ... is concerned, on, above, on top of, aboard (a ship or vehicle), the best, top, first class, first grade, first volume (of a two or three-volume set), first book, with my compliments
- 上位 【ジョウイ】 superior (in rank), top, ranking, higher order (e.g. byte), host computer (of connected device)
- 口上 【コウジョウ】 vocal message, speech, statement, prologue at the start of a kabuki performance
- 水上 【スイジョウ】 on the water, aquatic, waterside, water's edge
- 上人 【ショウニン】 holy priest, saint
- 上下 【ショウカ】 top and bottom, up and down, high and low, above and below, upper and lower ends, upper and lower classes, ruler and ruled, the government and the people
- 呈上 【テイジョウ】 giving, gifting, presenting
- 主上 【シュジョウ】 emperor
- 上海 【シャンハイ】 Shanghai (China)
- 上湯 【シャンタン】 top-grade Chinese soup stock
Kun reading compounds
- 上 【うえ】 above, over, up, top, summit, upper part, head (e.g. of a staircase), surface, on (top of), the above (in a piece of writing), earlier part, superior, better, higher (position, rank, etc.), upper (class), elder, older, senior, with respect to ..., in terms of, as far as ... is concerned, when (e.g. drunk), besides ..., in addition to ..., on top of ..., as well as ..., after ..., upon ..., on ..., with (e.g. full awareness), as a result of ..., since ..., now that ..., because ..., honorable, venerable, dear, emperor, sovereign, shogun, daimyo
- 上向き 【うわむき】 pointing up, pointing upward, upturn, uptrend, upward tendency
- 床上 【ゆかうえ】 on a floor, above floor level
- 一枚上 【いちまいうえ】 one step higher, one better, cut above, one up
- 上 【かみ】 upper reaches (of a river), upper stream, top, upper part, upper half (of the body), long ago, beginning, first, person of high rank (e.g. the emperor), government, imperial court, imperial capital (i.e. Kyoto), capital region (i.e. Kansai), region (or direction of) the imperial palace, head (of a table), wife, mistress (of a restaurant)
- 上期 【かみき】 first half of the (fiscal) year
- 風上 【かざかみ】 windward, upwind
- 御上 【おかみ】 the Emperor, His Majesty, the government, the authorities, proprietress, hostess, landlady, mistress, your wife, his wife, (one's) master, lord
- 上げる 【あげる】 to raise, to elevate, to do up (one's hair), to fly (a kite, etc.), to launch (fireworks, etc.), to surface (a submarine, etc.), to land (a boat), to deep-fry, to show someone (into a room), to give, to send someone (away), to enrol (one's child in school), to enroll, to increase (price, quality, status, etc.), to develop (talent, skill), to improve, to make (a loud sound), to raise (one's voice), to earn (something desirable), to praise, to give (an example, etc.), to cite, to summon up (all of one's energy, etc.), to arrest, to nominate, to summon (for geishas, etc.), to offer up (incense, a prayer, etc.) to the gods (or Buddha, etc.), to bear (a child), to conduct (a ceremony, esp. a wedding), (of the tide) to come in, to vomit, to do for (the sake of someone else), to complete ..., to humbly do ...
- 上がる 【あがる】 to rise, to go up, to come up, to ascend, to be raised, to enter (esp. from outdoors), to come in, to go in, to enter (a school), to advance to the next grade, to get out (of water), to come ashore, to increase, to improve, to make progress, to be promoted, to advance, to be made (of profit, etc.), to occur (esp. of a favourable result), to be adequate (to cover expenses, etc.), to be finished, to be done, to be over, to stop (of rain), to lift, to stop (working properly), to cut out, to give out, to die, to win (in a card game, etc.), to be arrested, to turn up (of evidence, etc.), to be deep fried, to be spoken loudly, to get nervous, to get stage fright, to be offered (to the gods, etc.), to go, to visit, to eat, to drink, to be listed (as a candidate), to serve (in one's master's home), to be complete, to finish, above, north of
- 上がり 【あがり】 rise, increase, ascent, income, takings, earnings, proceeds, (crop) yield, return, profit, completion, end, finish, end result (e.g. of crafts), how something comes out, finish, finishing (in a board or card game, etc.), green tea (esp. in a sushi restaurant), after (rain, illness, etc.), ex- (e.g. ex-bureaucrat), former
- 上がり下り 【あがりおり】 going up and down, ascent and descent
- 芸者上がり 【げいしゃあがり】 ex-geisha, former geisha
- 上る 【のぼる】 to ascend, to go up, to climb, to ascend (as a natural process, e.g. the Sun), to rise, to go to (the capital), to be promoted, to add up to, to advance (in price), to swim up (a river), to sail up, to come up (on the agenda)
- 上り 【のぼり】 ascent, climbing, ascending (path), climb, up-train, train heading toward the starting point of its route, upbound (esp. toward Tokyo), upstream, uphill
- 上り下り 【のぼりくだり】 going up and down, ascent and descent, climb and descent
- 逆上せる 【のぼせる】 to feel dizzy, to have blood rush to one's head, to lose one's cool, to be obsessed, to be infatuated, to become conceited
- 上せる 【のぼせる】 to raise, to record, to bring up (a matter), to serve (food), to send some on out
- 上す 【のぼす】 to raise, to record, to bring up (a matter), to serve (food), to send someone out
Readings
- Japanese names:
- あおい、 あげ、 い、 か、 かき、 かず、 かん、 こう、 のぼり、 ほつ
- Korean:
- sang
Spanish
- arriba
- encima
- parte superior
- cima
- superficie
Portuguese
- acima
- para cima
- sobre
- subir
- galgar
- em cima
- escalar
French
- au-dessus
- haut
- monter
- donner (je te donne)
| 1272 | 2001 Kanji |
| 2m1.1 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 4-3-2 | SKIP code |
| 2110.0 | Four corner code |
| 1-30-69 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 4e0a | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 2
JLPT level N3
172 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 原 【ゲン】 original, primitive, primary, fundamental, proto-
- 原案 【ゲンアン】 original plan, original bill, original motion, draft
- 中原 【チュウゲン】 middle of a field, middle of a country, field of contest
- 抗原 【コウゲン】 antigen
Kun reading compounds
- 原 【はら】 field, plain, prairie, tundra, moor, wilderness
- 原っぱ 【はらっぱ】 open field, empty lot, plain
- 笹原 【ささはら】 field of bamboo grass
- 関ヶ原 【せきがはら】 Sekigahara (battle site, 1600), decisive battle, critical battle
Readings
- Japanese names:
- た、 ばる、 ら、 わた、 わら
- Korean:
- weon
Spanish
- origen
- pradera
- prado
- campo
Portuguese
- prado
- original
- primitivo
- campo
- planície
- pradaria
- tundra
- sertão
French
- pré
- prairie
- champ
- original
- primitif
- toundra
- désert (étendue sauvage)
| 205 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 119 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 107 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 132 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 825 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 202 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 388 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 1231 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 136 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 136 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 405 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 260 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 3733 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1910 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2593 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 136 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 2973 | Morohashi |
| 3009 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 652 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 134 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 142 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 113 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 192 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 3341 | 2001 Kanji |
| 2p8.1 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 3-2-8 | SKIP code |
| 7129.6 | Four corner code |
| 1-24-22 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 539f | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in junior high
JLPT level N1
999 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 慎重 【シンチョウ】 careful, cautious, prudent, discreet, deliberate
- 慎重吟味 【シンチョウギンミ】 scrutiny, careful (close) examination (investigation), careful inquiry, careful selection
- 謹慎 【キンシン】 self restraint, moderating one's own behavior, penitence, discipline, confinement (esp. to one's home), house arrest, suspension (from work or school)
- 不謹慎 【フキンシン】 imprudent, indiscreet, immodest, indecent, inconsiderate, inappropriate
Kun reading compounds
- 慎む 【つつしむ】 to be careful, to be discreet, to do in moderation, to refrain (from overdoing), to abstain, to be reverent, to be purified, to be chaste
- 慎ましい 【つつましい】 modest, reserved, quiet, humble, frugal, simple, plain
- 慎む 【つつしむ】 to be careful, to be discreet, to do in moderation, to refrain (from overdoing), to abstain, to be reverent, to be purified, to be chaste
- 慎み 【つつしみ】 modesty, self-control, discretion
- 慎み 【つつしみ】 modesty, self-control, discretion
- 慎み深い 【つつしみぶかい】 discreet, modest, cautious
Readings
- Japanese names:
- ちか、 のり、 まこと、 みつ
- Korean:
- sin
Spanish
- prudencia
- modestia
- discrección
- refrenarse
- precaverse
- ser cuidadoso
- ser discreto
Portuguese
- humildade
- cuidado
- discreto
- prudente
French
- humilité
- circonspect
- discret
- prudent
| 1442 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 1089 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 1742 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 1669 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 1312 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 1839 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 1785 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 1918 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 1220 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 826 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 792 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 463 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 590 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 637 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 11024P | Morohashi |
| 643 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1945 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 630 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 677 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 1627 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 1161 | 2001 Kanji |
| 4k10.4 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 1-3-10 | SKIP code |
| 1-1-12 | SKIP code |
| 9408.1 | Four corner code |
| 1-31-21 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 614e | Unicode hex code |
Jinmeiyō kanji, used in names
JLPT level N1
1404 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- や行 【ヤギョウ】 the "ya" column of the Japanese syllabary table (ya, yu, yo)
Kun reading compounds
- 也 【なり】 to be, to be (location), sum of money
- 弱き者よ汝の名は女なり 【よわきものよなんじのなはおんななり】 frailty, thy name is woman
- 知らぬは亭主ばかりなり 【しらぬはていしゅばかりなり】 the husband is always the last to know, everyone knows of the wife's infidelity but the cuckolded husband
Readings
- Japanese names:
- し
- Korean:
- ya
Spanish
- ser
Portuguese
French
| 1553 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 75 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 1986 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 23 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 2005 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 4214 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2130 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2878 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 171 | Morohashi |
| 3406 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 58 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 2094 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 2236 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 0a3.29 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 4-3-2 | SKIP code |
| 4-3-4 | SKIP code |
| 4471.2 | Four corner code |
| 1-44-73 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 4e5f | Unicode hex code |