| 536 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 1394 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 215 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 2212 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 884 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 1419 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 869 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 696 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 709 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 970 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 1075 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 1075 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 580 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 769 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 793 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 14516 | Morohashi |
| 864 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2592 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 785 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 848 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 483 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 508 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 4
JLPT level N1
471 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 松竹梅 【ショウチクバイ】 pine, bamboo and plum (an auspicious grouping), high, middle and low (ranking), top, middle and bottom, upper, medium, lower, first, second and third (class)
- 鰹 【カツオ】 skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis), oceanic bonito, victorfish
- 老松 【ロウショウ】 old pine tree
- 翠松 【スイショウ】 verdant pine, green pine
Kun reading compounds
- 松 【まつ】 pine tree (Pinus spp.), highest (of a three-tier ranking system)
- 松下電工 【まつしたでんこう】 Matsushita Electric Works
- 赤松 【あかまつ】 Japanese red pine (Pinus densiflora), Japanese umbrella pine, tanyosho pine
- 浜松 【はままつ】 Hamamatsu (city)
Readings
- Japanese names:
- おお、 しょ、 ま、 まっ
- Korean:
- song
Spanish
- pino
Portuguese
- pinheiro
French
- pin
| 1871 | 2001 Kanji |
| 4a4.16 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 1-4-4 | SKIP code |
| 4893.2 | Four corner code |
| 1-30-30 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 677e | Unicode hex code |
below, down, descend, give, low, inferior
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 1
JLPT level N5
97 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 下 【カ】 under (influence, control, conditions, etc. of), during (war, occupation, etc.)
- 下位 【カイ】 low rank, lower position, subordinate position, lower order (e.g. byte)
- 陛下 【ヘイカ】 Your Majesty, His Majesty, Her Majesty
- 最下 【サイカ】 the lowest, the worst
- 下 【ゲ】 lowness (of degree, value, etc.), inferiority, second volume (of two), third volume (of three)
- 下山 【ゲザン】 descending a mountain, descent
- 高下 【コウゲ】 rise and fall (e.g. prices), fluctuation, difference (rank, grade, quality, etc.), variation
- 帯下 【タイゲ】 leukorrhoea, leucorrhoea, leukorrhea, leucorrhea, mucous discharge from female genitals
Kun reading compounds
- 下 【した】 below, down, under, younger (e.g. daughter), bottom, beneath, underneath, just after, right after, inferiority, one's inferior (i.e. one's junior), trade-in, preliminary, preparatory
- 下請け 【したうけ】 subcontract, subcontractor (person or company)
- 幕下 【まくした】 third highest division, wrestlers of the third highest division
- 上下 【うえした】 top and bottom, up and down, high and low, above and below, upper and lower ends, upside-down
- 下 【しも】 lower reaches (of a river), bottom, lower part, lower half (of the body, esp. the privates), feces (faeces), urine, menses, end, far from the imperial palace (i.e. far from Kyoto, esp. of western Japan), dirty (e.g. dirty jokes, etc.)
- 下期 【しもき】 second half of the (fiscal) year
- 風下 【かざしも】 leeward, lee, downwind
- 裃 【かみしも】 samurai costume, old ceremonial costume, top and bottom, up and down, high and low, above and below, upper and lower ends
- 下 【もと】 under (guidance, supervision, rules, the law, etc.), under (a flag, the sun, etc.), beneath, with (e.g. one blow), on (the promise, condition, assumption, etc. that ...), in (e.g. the name of ...), (someone's) side, (someone's) location
- 山元 【やまもと】 foot of a mountain, base of a mountain, mine, colliery, owner of a mountain, operator of a mine
- お膝元 【おひざもと】 beside a nobleman, close aid (of a nobleman, etc.), place where a high ranking person resides, one's own city (of a shogun, lord, etc.), Imperial capital, Imperial court, (shogun's) headquarters, place under one's direct control, one's own turf, one's own backyard
- 下げる 【さげる】 to hang, to suspend, to wear (e.g. decoration), to lower, to reduce, to bring down, to demote, to move back, to pull back, to clear (plates), to remove (food, etc. from table or altar), to keep on playing after one has formed a scoring combination with captured cards
- 下がる 【さがる】 to come down, to go down, to fall, to drop, to sink, to get lower, to hang, to dangle, to move back, to step back, to withdraw, to retire, to deteriorate, to fall off, to be downgraded, to get closer to the present day, below, south of
- 下る 【くだる】 to descend, to go down, to come down, to be handed down (of an order, judgment, etc.), to pass (of time), to surrender, to capitulate, to be less than, to be inferior to, to have the runs, to have diarrhea, to pass (in stool), to be discharged from the body, to depreciate oneself, to be humble
- 下り 【くだり】 down-train, train heading toward the ending point of its route, down-slope, downward going, downbound (esp. away from Tokyo), downstream, downhill
- 下り坂 【くだりざか】 downhill, downward slope, descent, decline, waning, ebb, (going) downhill
- 下す 【くだす】 to make a decision, to draw a conclusion, to give a judgement, to hand down a verdict, to pass a sentence, to give an order, to let go down, to lower, to do oneself, to do by oneself, to beat, to defeat, to have loose bowels, to have diarrhea, to pass (in stool), to discharge from the body, to do in one go, to do to the end without stopping
- 下さる 【くださる】 to give, to confer, to bestow, to kindly do for one, to oblige, to favour, to favor
- 下ろす 【おろす】 to take down, to bring down, to lower (a hand, flag, shutter, etc.), to drop (an anchor, curtain, etc.), to let down (hair), to launch (a boat), to drop off (a passenger), to let off, to unload (goods, a truck, etc.), to offload, to discharge, to withdraw (money), to use for the first time, to wear for the first time, to cut off, to fillet (fish), to grate (e.g. radish), to prune (branches), to remove (someone from a position), to oust, to drop, to clear (the table), to remove (offerings from an altar), to pass down (e.g. old clothes), to hand down, to expel from the body (e.g. worms), to abort (a fetus), to invoke (a spirit), to call down
- 降りる 【おりる】 to descend (e.g. a mountain), to go down, to come down, to alight (e.g. from bus), to get off, to disembark, to dismount, to step down, to retire, to give up, to quit, to fold, to be granted, to be issued, to be given, to form (of frost, dew, mist, etc.), to be passed (from the body; e.g. of a roundworm)
Readings
- Japanese names:
- さか、 しと
- Korean:
- ha
Spanish
- debajo
- inferior
- debajo de
- parte inferior
Portuguese
- baixo
- abaixo
- descende
- inferior
- sub
- sob
French
- au-dessous
- descendre
- bas
- donner (vous me donnez)
- inférieur
| 21 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 24 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 7 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 72 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 9 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 30 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 6 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 46 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 2.1 | Japanese for Busy People |
| 31 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 31 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 32 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 4 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 4186 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2115 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2862 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 50 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 14 | Morohashi |
| 3378 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 9 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 50 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 51 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 75 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 13 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 3154 | 2001 Kanji |
| 2m1.2 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 4-3-1 | SKIP code |
| 1023.0 | Four corner code |
| 1-18-28 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 4e0b | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 5
JLPT level N3
17 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 政 【マツリゴト】 rule, government
- 政界 【セイカイ】 (world of) politics, political world, political circles
- 農政 【ノウセイ】 agricultural administration
- 帝政 【テイセイ】 imperial government, imperialism, monarchical rule
- 摂政 【セッショウ】 regency, regent
Kun reading compounds
- 政 【まつりごと】 rule, government
- 政所 【まんどころ】 official in charge of the administration of domains and general affairs of powerful noble families (from the middle of the Heian period), titled lady (legal wife of an important official), government office related to finances (Kamakura and Muromachi periods), clerk working for large temples and shrines
- 太政 【おおまつりごと】 (Japanese) imperial government
- 政所 【まんどころ】 official in charge of the administration of domains and general affairs of powerful noble families (from the middle of the Heian period), titled lady (legal wife of an important official), government office related to finances (Kamakura and Muromachi periods), clerk working for large temples and shrines
Readings
- Japanese names:
- ただ、 まさ
- Korean:
- jeong
Spanish
- política
- gobierno
- reglas
Portuguese
- política
- governo
French
- politique
- gouvernement
| 646 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 746 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 724 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 50 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 2045 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 124 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 586 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 881 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 483 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 492 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 530 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 937 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 1468 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 779 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1058 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 387 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 13135X | Morohashi |
| 1142 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2335 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 381 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 407 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 23 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 700 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 3166 | 2001 Kanji |
| 4i5.1 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 1-5-4 | SKIP code |
| 1814.0 | Four corner code |
| 1-32-15 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 653f | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 5
JLPT level N3
79 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 経 【ケイ】 warp (weaving), longitude, scripture, sutra, trans-
- 経団連 【ケイダンレン】 Federation of Economic Organizations (Organisation)
- 月経 【ゲッケイ】 menstruation, menstrual period
- 政経 【セイケイ】 politics and economics
- 経 【キョウ】 sutra, Buddhist scriptures
- 経典 【キョウテン】 sacred books, sutras, scriptures (Bible, Koran, etc.)
- 説経 【セッキョウ】 lecture on the sutras
- 法華経 【ホケキョウ】 Lotus Sutra
- 経行 【キンヒン】 meditation performed while walking
- 看経 【カンキン】 silent reading of the sutras, sutra chanting
Kun reading compounds
- 経る 【へる】 to pass, to elapse, to go by, to pass through, to go through, to experience, to go through, to undergo
- 経つ 【たつ】 to pass (of time), to elapse
- 縦糸 【たていと】 (weaving) warp
Readings
- Japanese names:
- つね、 のぶ
- Korean:
- gyeong
Spanish
- sutra
- longitud
- ley
- pasar
- dirigir
- transcurrir
- experimentar
Portuguese
- sutra
- longitude
- passar através de
- expirar
- empenar
French
- sûtra
- longitude
- passer (temps)
- expiré
- expérimenter
- chaîne (tissu)
| 596 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 685 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 658 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 135 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 3523 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 341 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 815 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 1957 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 548 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 557 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 515 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 1523 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 1687 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 898 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1218 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 1372 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 27392 | Morohashi |
| 1331 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 4473 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 1360 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 1460 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 71 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 730 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 2772 | 2001 Kanji |
| 6a5.11 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 1-6-5 | SKIP code |
| 2791.4 | Four corner code |
| 1-23-48 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 7d4c | Unicode hex code |
cram school, private school
- On:
- ジュク
Jōyō kanji, taught in junior high
JLPT level N1
1297 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 塾 【ジュク】 cram school, private tutoring school, juku
- 塾長 【ジュクチョウ】 principal of a private school
- 義塾 【ギジュク】 private school
- 入塾 【ニュウジュク】 enrolling at a cram school
Readings
- Korean:
- sug
Spanish
- colegio privado
- academia
Portuguese
- escola p/ reforço
- escola particular
French
- cours du soir
- école privée
| 1370 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 1727 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 1133 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 1164 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 1674 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 1789 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 863 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 362 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 3546 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1830 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2490 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 315 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 5402 | Morohashi |
| 2860 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1083 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 309 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 331 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 1695 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 472 | 2001 Kanji |
| 3b10.7 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 2-11-3 | SKIP code |
| 2-10-3 | SKIP code |
| 0510.4 | Four corner code |
| 0410.4 | Four corner code |
| 1-29-46 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 587e | Unicode hex code |