Jisho

×

常

11 strokes
Radical:
turban, scarf 巾
Parts:
冖 口 尚 巾
usual, ordinary, normal, common, regular, continually, always, long-lasting
Kun:
つね、 とこ-
On:
ジョウ
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 5
JLPT level N3
293 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers

Speed

Stroke order

On reading compounds

  • 常識 【ジョウシキ】 common sense, good sense, common knowledge, general knowledge, common practice, accepted practice, social etiquette
  • 常勤 【ジョウキン】 full-time employment
  • 経常 【ケイジョウ】 ordinary
  • 異常 【イジョウ】 abnormal, unusual, extraordinary, remarkable, uncommon

Kun reading compounds

  • 常 【つね】 usual state of things
  • 常に 【つねに】 always, constantly
  • 経常 【けいじょう】 ordinary
  • 人の常 【ひとのつね】 human nature

Readings

Japanese names:
とき、 のぶ、 ひ、 ひた
Mandarin Chinese (pinyin):
chang2
Korean:
sang

Spanish

  • habitual
  • usual
  • ordinario
  • normal
  • siempre
  • interminable

Portuguese

  • regular
  • normal
  • comum
  • usual

French

  • habituel
  • ordinaire
  • normal
642 A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade)
740 A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot)
718 A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall)
356 A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage
1364 Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson)
199 Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill)
499 Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki)
1463 Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill)
497 Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky)
506 Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky)
708 Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono)
566 Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide
3203 Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
1657 Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
2247 Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern)
807 Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette)
8955 Morohashi
2590 New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
1569 New Nelson (John Haig)
799 Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig)
862 Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig)
190 The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley)
737 Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask)
1044 2001 Kanji
3n8.3 The Kanji Dictionary
2-5-6 SKIP code
2-3-8 SKIP code
9022.7 Four corner code
1-30-79 JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code
5e38 Unicode hex code

徳

14 strokes
Radical:
step 彳
Parts:
十 彳 心 買
Variants:
悳 德
benevolence, virtue, goodness, commanding respect
On:
トク
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 4
JLPT level N1
1091 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers

Speed

Stroke order

On reading compounds

  • 徳 【トク】 virtue, benevolence, profit, benefit, advantage
  • 徳義 【トクギ】 morals, morality, sincerity
  • 高徳 【コウトク】 eminent virtue
  • 大徳 【ダイトク】 great virtue, virtuous priest, priest, rich person

Readings

Japanese names:
あつ、 なる、 のり、 ゆき、 よし
Mandarin Chinese (pinyin):
de2
Korean:
deog

Spanish

  • benevolencia
  • virtud
  • moralidad
  • beneficioso
  • rentable

Portuguese

  • benevolência
  • virtude
  • bondade
  • comandando respeito

French

  • bienveillance
  • vertu
  • bonté
  • respectable
851 A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade)
783 A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot)
762 A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall)
839 A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage
1633 Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson)
592 Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill)
1284 Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki)
2063 Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill)
1038 Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky)
1079 Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky)
644 Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono)
637 Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide
842 Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
486 Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
623 Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern)
894 Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette)
10237P Morohashi
684 New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
1767 New Nelson (John Haig)
885 Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig)
950 Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig)
801 Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask)
2058 2001 Kanji
3i11.3 The Kanji Dictionary
1-3-11 SKIP code
2423.6 Four corner code
1-38-33 JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code
5fb3 Unicode hex code

殲

21 strokes
Radical:
death, decay 歹 (歺)
Parts:
人 戈 歹 韭
Variants:
殱
massacre
Kun:
つく.す、 ほろぼ.す
On:
セン

Speed

Stroke order

On reading compounds

  • 殲滅 【センメツ】 annihilation, extermination, (total) destruction, wiping out
  • 殲滅戦 【センメツセン】 war of annihilation, war of extermination

Readings

Mandarin Chinese (pinyin):
jian1
Korean:
seom

Spanish

Portuguese

French

2450 Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson)
16608 Morohashi
2988 New Nelson (John Haig)
4n17.1 The Kanji Dictionary
1-4-17 SKIP code
1325.0 Four corner code
1-61-51 JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code
6bb2 Unicode hex code

滅

13 strokes
Radical:
water 水 (氵, 氺)
Parts:
ノ 汁 戈 火
destroy, ruin, overthrow, perish
Kun:
ほろ.びる、 ほろ.ぶ、 ほろ.ぼす
On:
メツ
Jōyō kanji, taught in junior high
JLPT level N1
1222 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers

Speed

Stroke order

On reading compounds

  • 滅亡 【メツボウ】 downfall, ruin, collapse, destruction
  • 滅罪 【メツザイ】 expiation
  • 隠滅 【インメツ】 destruction (esp. of evidence), spoliation, suppression, hiding, concealment
  • 衰滅 【スイメツ】 decline, downfall, ruin(ation)

Kun reading compounds

  • 滅びる 【ほろびる】 to go to ruin, to go under, to fall, to be destroyed, to die out, to become extinct, to perish
  • 滅ぶ 【ほろぶ】 to be ruined, to go under, to perish, to be destroyed
  • 滅ぼす 【ほろぼす】 to destroy, to overthrow, to wreck, to ruin

Readings

Mandarin Chinese (pinyin):
mie4
Korean:
myeol

Spanish

  • extinguirse
  • apagarse
  • estropearse
  • ser destruido
  • ser devastado
  • estropear
  • destruir
  • devastar
  • demoler

Portuguese

  • destruir
  • arruinar
  • extinguir
  • golpe

French

  • anéantir
  • détruire
  • ruiner
  • renverser
  • périr
1848 A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall)
1387 A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage
2660 Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson)
1228 Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill)
1488 Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki)
1338 Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky)
1421 Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky)
1500 Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono)
1237 Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide
812 Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
475 Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
606 Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern)
371 Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette)
18008 Morohashi
660 New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
3279 New Nelson (John Haig)
365 Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig)
390 Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig)
1642 Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask)
359 2001 Kanji
3a10.26 The Kanji Dictionary
1-3-10 SKIP code
3315.0 Four corner code
1-44-39 JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code
6ec5 Unicode hex code

作

7 strokes
Radical:
man, human 人 (亻)
Parts:
一 ｜ ノ 化 乞
make, production, prepare, build
Kun:
つく.る、 つく.り、 -づく.り
On:
サク、 サ
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 2
JLPT level N4
103 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers

Speed

Stroke order

On reading compounds

  • 作 【サク】 work (e.g. of art), piece, production, harvest, crop, yield, cultivation, tillage, technique
  • 作柄 【サクガラ】 crop (conditions), harvest, yield, quality (of an artistic work)
  • 大作 【タイサク】 large-scale work, voluminous work, monumental work, great work, masterpiece
  • 遺作 【イサク】 posthumous works
  • 作 【サク】 work (e.g. of art), piece, production, harvest, crop, yield, cultivation, tillage, technique
  • 作業 【サギョウ】 work, operation, task
  • 所作 【ショサ】 conduct, behaviour, movements, gesture, one's carriage, performance (on stage, etc.), dance, acting, dance (in kabuki), dance play
  • 安定操作 【アンテイソウサ】 stabilizing (stock) transaction

Kun reading compounds

  • 作る 【つくる】 to make, to produce, to manufacture, to build, to construct, to prepare (food), to brew (alcohol), to raise, to grow, to cultivate, to train, to till, to draw up (a document), to make out, to prepare, to write, to create (an artistic work, etc.), to compose, to coin (a phrase), to organize, to organise, to establish, to found, to have (a child), to make up (one's face, etc.), to fabricate (an excuse, etc.), to give a (false) appearance, to feign (a smile, etc.), to put on a show of emotion, to form (a line, etc.), to set (a record), to commit (a sin, etc.)
  • 作り 【つくり】 making, producing, manufacturing, building, construction, make, structure, appearance (attire, make-up, etc.), build, physique, sashimi, forced (smile, etc.)
  • 作り上げる 【つくりあげる】 to build up, to complete, to construct, to create, to put together, to make up, to fabricate, to invent, to cook up

Readings

Japanese names:
くり、 さか、 さっ、 づくり、 とも、 なお、 はぎ、 まさか
Mandarin Chinese (pinyin):
zuo1, zuo4, zuo2
Korean:
jag, ja, ju

Spanish

  • hacer
  • construir
  • fabricar
  • conducta
  • comportamiento
  • crear

Portuguese

  • fazer
  • produção
  • preparar
  • construção

French

  • fabriquer
  • produire
  • construire
  • préparer
82 A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade)
141 A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot)
127 A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall)
99 A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage
407 Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson)
147 Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill)
116 Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki)
362 Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill)
3.4 Japanese for Busy People
360 Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky)
361 Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky)
137 Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono)
75 Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide
77 Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
49 Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
52 Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern)
1151 Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette)
518 Morohashi
68 New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
167 New Nelson (John Haig)
1142 Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig)
1224 Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig)
120 The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley)
144 Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask)
2154 2001 Kanji
2a5.10 The Kanji Dictionary
1-2-5 SKIP code
2821.1 Four corner code
1-26-78 JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code
4f5c Unicode hex code

戦

13 strokes
Radical:
spear, halberd 戈
Parts:
十 尚 戈 田
Variants:
戰
war, battle, match
Kun:
いくさ、 たたか.う、 おのの.く、 そよ.ぐ、 わなな.く
On:
セン
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 4
JLPT level N3
78 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers

Speed

Stroke order

On reading compounds

  • 戦 【セン】 war, battle, match, game, competition
  • 戦域 【センイキ】 war area, battlefield, theater, theatre
  • 開戦 【カイセン】 outbreak of war, starting a war
  • 回戦 【カイセン】 event with ... rounds, innings, legs, etc., nth-round match (in a knockout tournament)

Kun reading compounds

  • 戦 【いくさ】 war, battle, campaign, fight, troops, forces
  • 戦場 【せんじょう】 battlefield, battleground
  • 負け戦 【まけいくさ】 losing a battle, lost battle, battle one cannot win, battle one is doomed to lose
  • 野合戦 【のがっせん】 battle in the open, battle on an open field
  • 戦う 【たたかう】 to make war (on), to wage war (against), to go to war (with), to fight (with), to do battle (against), to compete (against), to struggle (against adversities, etc.), to fight, to contend, to resist
  • 戦く 【おののく】 to shake (from fear, cold, excitement, etc.), to shudder, to tremble
  • 戦ぐ 【そよぐ】 to rustle, to sway, to stir, to flutter
  • 戦慄く 【わななく】 to tremble, to shiver, to shake

Readings

Japanese names:
せ
Mandarin Chinese (pinyin):
zhan4
Korean:
jeon

Spanish

  • guerra
  • batalla
  • lucha
  • pelear
  • batallar
  • combatir
  • luchar

Portuguese

  • guerra
  • batalha
  • disputa

French

  • guerre
  • bataille
  • match
448 A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade)
555 A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot)
526 A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall)
88 A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage
1810 Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson)
399 Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill)
550 Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki)
301 Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky)
301 Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky)
360 Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono)
839 Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide
2242 Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
1169 Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
1590 Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern)
1948 Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette)
11631P Morohashi
1787 New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
2037 New Nelson (John Haig)
1929 Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig)
2079 Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig)
32 The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley)
608 Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask)
959 2001 Kanji
4n9.2 The Kanji Dictionary
1-9-4 SKIP code
9355.0 Four corner code
3355.0 Four corner code
1-32-79 JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code
6226 Unicode hex code