| 601 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 691 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 665 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 474 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 4987 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 600 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 985 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 847 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 866 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 975 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 728 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 475 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 296 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 357 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 1478 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 41627 | Morohashi |
| 398 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 6439 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 1466 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 1576 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 370 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 696 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 5
JLPT level N3
405 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 限定 【ゲンテイ】 limit, restriction
- 限界 【ゲンカイ】 limit, bound
- 上限 【ジョウゲン】 upper limit, supremum
- 有限 【ユウゲン】 finite, limited
Kun reading compounds
- 限る 【かぎる】 to restrict, to limit, to confine, to be restricted to, to be limited to, to be confined to, to be best (for), to be the best plan, to be the only way (to)
- 限り 【かぎり】 limit, limits, bounds, degree, extent, scope, the end, the last, as long as ..., as far as ..., as much as ..., to the limits of ..., all of ..., unless ..., (not) included in ..., (not) part of ..., being very much (in a certain state), extreme amount (of a feeling, etc.), ... only (e.g. "one time only", "today only"), end of one's life, final moments, death, funeral, burial
- 限りない 【かぎりない】 unlimited, endless, boundless, infinite
- 中限 【なかぎり】 next-month delivery
Readings
- Korean:
- han
Spanish
- limitar
- restringir
- confinar
Portuguese
- limite
- restringir
- o melhor possível
French
- limite
- limiter
- restreindre
- autant que possible
| 3665 | 2001 Kanji |
| 2d6.1 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 1-3-6 | SKIP code |
| 1-2-6 | SKIP code |
| 7723.2 | Four corner code |
| 1-24-34 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 9650 | Unicode hex code |
world, boundary
- On:
- カイ
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 3
JLPT level N4
158 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 界 【カイ】 community, circles, world, kingdom, erathem, field (electrical), border, boundary, division
- 界隈 【カイワイ】 neighborhood, neighbourhood, vicinity
- 球界 【キュウカイ】 the baseball world
- 経済界 【ケイザイカイ】 economic world, financial circles, business community
Readings
- Korean:
- gye
Spanish
- borde
- frontera
- extensión
- ámbito
Portuguese
- mundo
French
- monde
| 170 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 260 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 240 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 170 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 2998 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 269 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 223 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 967 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 3.8 | Japanese for Busy People |
| 454 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 461 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 157 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 1336 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 3172 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1632 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2220 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 257 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 21775 | Morohashi |
| 2563 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 3739 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 251 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 266 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 164 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 320 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 3654 | 2001 Kanji |
| 5f4.7 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 2-5-4 | SKIP code |
| 6022.8 | Four corner code |
| 1-19-06 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 754c | Unicode hex code |
substitute, change, convert, replace, period, age, counter for decades of ages, eras, etc., generation, charge, rate, fee
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 3
JLPT level N4
66 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 代 【ダイ】 charge, cost, price, generation, age, (school) year, cohort, reign, era, a representative of, on behalf of, for (someone), switchboard number, counter for decades of ages, eras, etc., counter for generations (of inheritors to a throne, etc.), proxy application company, pronoun
- 代官 【ダイカン】 local governor (Edo period), local magistrate, bailiff, deputy official (Middle Ages), acting administrator
- 大時代 【オオジダイ】 old-fashioned, antiquated, anachronistic
- 次代 【ジダイ】 the next era
- 代謝 【タイシャ】 metabolism, renewal, regeneration, replacing the old with the new
- 代赭 【タイシャ】 red ocher (ochre)
- 永代 【エイタイ】 permanence, eternity
- 希代 【キタイ】 uncommon, rare, extraordinary, matchless
Kun reading compounds
- 替わる 【かわる】 to succeed, to relieve, to replace, to take the place of, to substitute for, to take over for, to represent, to hand over (telephone), to be exchanged, to change (places with), to switch
- 代わる代わる 【かわるがわる】 alternately, by turns
- 替わる 【かわる】 to succeed, to relieve, to replace, to take the place of, to substitute for, to take over for, to represent, to hand over (telephone), to be exchanged, to change (places with), to switch
- 代わる代わる 【かわるがわる】 alternately, by turns
- 代わり 【かわり】 substitute, replacement, substituting, replacing, stand-in, proxy, alternate, deputy, relief, successor, compensation, exchange, return, another helping, second helping, seconds, refill, upcoming program, upcoming programme
- 変わり目 【かわりめ】 turning point, change, transition, turn (of the tide, century, etc.), point of difference
- 代わり 【かわり】 substitute, replacement, substituting, replacing, stand-in, proxy, alternate, deputy, relief, successor, compensation, exchange, return, another helping, second helping, seconds, refill, upcoming program, upcoming programme
- 変わり目 【かわりめ】 turning point, change, transition, turn (of the tide, century, etc.), point of difference
- 替える 【かえる】 to replace, to convert, to change, to exchange, to interchange, to renew, to substitute (person, staff member, player, etc.)
- 世 【よ】 world, society, public, life, lifetime, age, era, period, epoch, generation, reign, rule, the times, world (of existence)
- 代々 【よよ】 for generations, from generation to generation, generation after generation, through the ages
- 千代 【ちよ】 thousand years, very long period, forever
- 君が代 【きみがよ】 Imperial reign, Kimigayo (Japanese national anthem)
- 代 【しろ】 substitution, material, price, margin (e.g. for stapling, etc.), area required for something, shiro (unit of land area equal to one-fiftieth of a tan; approx. 19.83 m.sq.)
- 代物 【しろもの】 article, goods, product, fine thing, fellow, affair, stuff, prostitute, price, cost, money
- 地代 【ちだい】 land rent
- 阿代 【あしろ】 Ophidion asiro (species of cusk eel)
Readings
- Japanese names:
- す
- Korean:
- dae
Spanish
- generación
- reinado
- sustituir
- reemplazar
- relevar
Portuguese
- substituto
- mudança
- convertido
- repor
- período
- idade
- geração
- carga
- valor
- taxa
French
- substituer
- changer
- convertir
- remplacer
- période
- âge
- ère
- génération
- montant d'argent
- taux
- prix
- redevance
| 463 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 358 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 338 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 68 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 364 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 85 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 111 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 125 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 2.10 | Japanese for Busy People |
| 256 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 256 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 413 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 61 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 34 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 18 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 18 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 1014 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 386 | Morohashi |
| 30 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 125 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 1005 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 1080 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 87 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 257 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 2156 | 2001 Kanji |
| 2a3.3 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 1-2-3 | SKIP code |
| 2324.0 | Four corner code |
| 1-34-69 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 4ee3 | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in junior high
JLPT level N2
979 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 移替 【イタイ】 changing (person in charge, etc.), shifting
- 衰替 【スイタイ】 weakening, declining
Kun reading compounds
- 替える 【かえる】 to replace, to convert, to change, to exchange, to interchange, to renew, to substitute (person, staff member, player, etc.)
- 替わる 【かわる】 to succeed, to relieve, to replace, to take the place of, to substitute for, to take over for, to represent, to hand over (telephone), to be exchanged, to change (places with), to switch
Readings
- Japanese names:
- かえ
- Korean:
- che
Spanish
- cambio
- sustitución
- intercambio
- cambiar
- sustituir
- intercambiar
- convertir
Portuguese
- troca
- reserva
- substituto
- por-
French
- substituer
- remplacer
- échanger
| 1548 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 849 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 2140 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 1398 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 611 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 744 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 757 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 375 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 1001 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 3457 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1780 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2424 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 850 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 14300 | Morohashi |
| 2783 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2486 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 842 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 905 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 1547 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 1478 | 2001 Kanji |
| 4c8.12 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 2-8-4 | SKIP code |
| 5560.3 | Four corner code |
| 1-34-56 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 66ff | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 5
JLPT level N1
383 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 卒爾 【ソツジ】 abrupt, sudden
- 卒然 【ソツゼン】 sudden, unexpected, unannounced, abrupt
- 短慮軽率 【タンリョケイソツ】 impulsive and imprudent, rash and unthinking
- 兜率 【トソツ】 Tusita (heaven, pure land)
- 率 【リツ】 rate, ratio, proportion, percentage
- 率を定める 【リツヲサダメル】 to fix the rate
- 倍率 【バイリツ】 magnification, leverage, amplification, scaling factor, scale factor, competitiveness rating (e.g. for university entrance), applicant-to-acceptance ratio
- 定率 【テイリツ】 fixed rate
Kun reading compounds
- 率いる 【ひきいる】 to lead, to spearhead (a group), to command (troops)
Readings
- Korean:
- sol, ryul
Spanish
- proporción
- tasa
- dirigir
- mandar
- verdad
- franqueza
- indiscreción
- liderar
- encabezar
Portuguese
- razão
- valor
- proporção
- %
- coeficiente
- fator
French
- taux
- rapport
- proportion
- %
- coefficient
- facteur
| 878 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 767 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 803 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 553 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 319 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 808 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 731 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 2040 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 788 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 802 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 615 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 1312 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 2625 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1343 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1820 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 1753 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 20817P | Morohashi |
| 2118 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 3618 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 1737 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 1874 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 742 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 455 | 2001 Kanji |
| 2j9.1 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 2-2-9 | SKIP code |
| 2-9-2 | SKIP code |
| 0040.3 | Four corner code |
| 1-46-08 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 7387 | Unicode hex code |