| 365 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 467 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 444 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 104 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 4958 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 289 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 982 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 2245 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 3.7 | Japanese for Busy People |
| 398 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 402 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 446 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 1844 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 4129 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2099 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2842 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 2036 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 41297 | Morohashi |
| 3328 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 6402 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 2017 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 2173 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 84 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 614 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 4
JLPT level N3
70 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 関 【カン】 barrier, gate
- 関係 【カンケイ】 relation, relationship, connection, participation, involvement, concern, influence, effect, sexual relations, sexual relationship, related to, connected to
- 連関 【レンカン】 connection, relation, linkage
- 通関 【ツウカン】 customs clearance
Kun reading compounds
- 関 【せき】 barrier, gate, seki, mutual life
- 関取 【せきとり】 ranking wrestler in the makuuchi (senior-grade) or juryo (junior-grade) divisions
- 霞ヶ関 【かすみがせき】 Kasumigaseki, district of Tokyo where most of Japan's government ministry offices are located, government ministries (of Japan), Japanese government bureaucracy
- 関わる 【かかわる】 to be affected, to be influenced, to be concerned with, to have to do with, to stick to (opinions)
- 覗き機関 【のぞきからくり】 peep show, device with lens mounted on a stand or in a box to view enlarged pictures
- 水機関 【みずからくり】 puppet powered by (falling) water, water-powered contrivance, show using such a device (in Edo-period Osaka)
Readings
- Korean:
- gwan, wan
Spanish
- barrera
- puerta
- relación
- mecanismo
- valla
Portuguese
- conexão
- obstáculo
- passagem
- emvolver
- concernente
French
- relation
- barrière
- lien
- rapport
- concerner
| 3863 | 2001 Kanji |
| 8e6.7 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 3-8-6 | SKIP code |
| 7743.0 | Four corner code |
| 1-20-56 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 95a2 | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 3
JLPT level N3
232 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 係争 【ケイソウ】 dispute, contention, conflict, controversy
- 係数 【ケイスウ】 coefficient, factor, proportional constant
- 相関関係 【ソウカンカンケイ】 correlation, interrelation, intertwining
- 三角関係 【サンカクカンケイ】 love triangle, eternal triangle
Kun reading compounds
- 係る 【かかる】 to be the work of, to be the result of, to be done by, to concern, to affect, to involve, to relate to
- 係 【かかり】 charge, duty, person in charge, official, clerk, connection, linking
- 係員 【かかりいん】 person in charge, official, attendant
- 口座係 【こうざかかり】 teller (in bank)
- 応接係 【おうせつかかり】 receptionist, desk clerk
- 関わる 【かかわる】 to be affected, to be influenced, to be concerned with, to have to do with, to stick to (opinions)
Readings
- Korean:
- gye
Spanish
- cargo
- deber
- concernir
- afectar
Portuguese
- pessoa em carga
- conexão
- dever
- interessa a si próprio
French
- chargé de
- liaison
- devoir
- s'occuper de
| 385 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 286 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 268 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 263 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 449 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 426 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 318 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 2.12 | Japanese for Busy People |
| 909 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 931 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 447 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 94 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 108 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 73 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 78 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 1404 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 663 | Morohashi |
| 97 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 217 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 1392 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 1493 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 221 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 324 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 2141 | 2001 Kanji |
| 2a7.8 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 1-2-7 | SKIP code |
| 2229.3 | Four corner code |
| 1-23-24 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 4fc2 | Unicode hex code |
substitute, change, convert, replace, period, age, counter for decades of ages, eras, etc., generation, charge, rate, fee
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 3
JLPT level N4
66 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 代 【ダイ】 charge, cost, price, generation, age, (school) year, cohort, reign, era, a representative of, on behalf of, for (someone), switchboard number, counter for decades of ages, eras, etc., counter for generations (of inheritors to a throne, etc.), proxy application company, pronoun
- 代官 【ダイカン】 local governor (Edo period), local magistrate, bailiff, deputy official (Middle Ages), acting administrator
- 大時代 【オオジダイ】 old-fashioned, antiquated, anachronistic
- 次代 【ジダイ】 the next era
- 代謝 【タイシャ】 metabolism, renewal, regeneration, replacing the old with the new
- 代赭 【タイシャ】 red ocher (ochre)
- 永代 【エイタイ】 permanence, eternity
- 希代 【キタイ】 uncommon, rare, extraordinary, matchless
Kun reading compounds
- 替わる 【かわる】 to succeed, to relieve, to replace, to take the place of, to substitute for, to take over for, to represent, to hand over (telephone), to be exchanged, to change (places with), to switch
- 代わる代わる 【かわるがわる】 alternately, by turns
- 替わる 【かわる】 to succeed, to relieve, to replace, to take the place of, to substitute for, to take over for, to represent, to hand over (telephone), to be exchanged, to change (places with), to switch
- 代わる代わる 【かわるがわる】 alternately, by turns
- 代わり 【かわり】 substitute, replacement, substituting, replacing, stand-in, proxy, alternate, deputy, relief, successor, compensation, exchange, return, another helping, second helping, seconds, refill, upcoming program, upcoming programme
- 変わり目 【かわりめ】 turning point, change, transition, turn (of the tide, century, etc.), point of difference
- 代わり 【かわり】 substitute, replacement, substituting, replacing, stand-in, proxy, alternate, deputy, relief, successor, compensation, exchange, return, another helping, second helping, seconds, refill, upcoming program, upcoming programme
- 変わり目 【かわりめ】 turning point, change, transition, turn (of the tide, century, etc.), point of difference
- 替える 【かえる】 to replace, to convert, to change, to exchange, to interchange, to renew, to substitute (person, staff member, player, etc.)
- 世 【よ】 world, society, public, life, lifetime, age, era, period, epoch, generation, reign, rule, the times, world (of existence)
- 代々 【よよ】 for generations, from generation to generation, generation after generation, through the ages
- 千代 【ちよ】 thousand years, very long period, forever
- 君が代 【きみがよ】 Imperial reign, Kimigayo (Japanese national anthem)
- 代 【しろ】 substitution, material, price, margin (e.g. for stapling, etc.), area required for something, shiro (unit of land area equal to one-fiftieth of a tan; approx. 19.83 m.sq.)
- 代物 【しろもの】 article, goods, product, fine thing, fellow, affair, stuff, prostitute, price, cost, money
- 地代 【ちだい】 land rent
- 阿代 【あしろ】 Ophidion asiro (species of cusk eel)
Readings
- Japanese names:
- す
- Korean:
- dae
Spanish
- generación
- reinado
- sustituir
- reemplazar
- relevar
Portuguese
- substituto
- mudança
- convertido
- repor
- período
- idade
- geração
- carga
- valor
- taxa
French
- substituer
- changer
- convertir
- remplacer
- période
- âge
- ère
- génération
- montant d'argent
- taux
- prix
- redevance
| 463 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 358 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 338 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 68 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 364 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 85 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 111 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 125 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 2.10 | Japanese for Busy People |
| 256 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 256 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 413 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 61 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 34 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 18 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 18 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 1014 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 386 | Morohashi |
| 30 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 125 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 1005 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 1080 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 87 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 257 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 2156 | 2001 Kanji |
| 2a3.3 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 1-2-3 | SKIP code |
| 2324.0 | Four corner code |
| 1-34-69 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 4ee3 | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 1
JLPT level N5
177 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 名 【メイ】 counter for people (usu. seating, reservations and such), first name, famous, great, name, noun
- 名画 【メイガ】 famous picture, masterpiece (painting), excellent film, film classic
- 同名 【ドウメイ】 same name, homonym
- 芸名 【ゲイメイ】 stage name
- 名目 【メイモク】 name, title, appellation, (something) nominal, (under the) pretext (of), pretense
- 苗字 【ミョウジ】 surname, family name, last name
- 仮名 【カメイ】 alias, pseudonym, pen name, nom de plume
- 同名 【ドウメイ】 same name, homonym
Kun reading compounds
- 名 【な】 name, given name, title, fame, renown, reputation, pretext, pretense, justification, appearance
- 名残 【なごり】 remains, traces, vestiges, relics, (the sorrow of) parting, end
- 仮名 【かめい】 alias, pseudonym, pen name, nom de plume
- 【カタカナ】 katakana, angular Japanese syllabary used primarily for loanwords
Readings
- Japanese names:
- と
- Korean:
- myeong
Spanish
- nombre
- célebre
- distinguido
- reputación
Portuguese
- nome
- fama
- distinção
- reputação
French
- nom
- célèbre
- fameux
- réputation
| 140 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 55 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 71 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 116 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 1170 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 131 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 34 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 346 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 2.3 | Japanese for Busy People |
| 82 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 82 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 82 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 285 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 2693 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1371 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1857 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 113 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 3297 | Morohashi |
| 2169 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 716 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 112 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 117 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 140 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 53 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 2577 | 2001 Kanji |
| 3d3.12 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 2-3-3 | SKIP code |
| 4-6-1 | SKIP code |
| 3-3-3 | SKIP code |
| 2760.0 | Four corner code |
| 1-44-30 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 540d | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 6
JLPT level N2
1636 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 詞 【シ】 words, writing, lyrics, ci (form of Chinese poetry), independent word
- 詞華集 【シカシュウ】 anthology (of poems), florilegium
- 作詞 【サクシ】 (writing) song lyrics
- 固有名詞 【コユウメイシ】 proper noun
Kun reading compounds
- 言葉 【ことば】 language, dialect, word, phrase, expression, term, speech, (manner of) speaking, (use of) language, words, remark, statement, comment, learning to speak, language acquisition
- 詞書き 【ことばがき】 foreword to a collection of poems, preface, explanatory notes, captions
- 枕詞 【まくらことば】 pillow word, decorative word used prefixally in classical Japanese literature, preface, introduction
- 花言葉 【はなことば】 language of flowers (e.g. the use of red roses to signify love), floriography
Readings
- Korean:
- sa
Spanish
- parte de oración
- palabras
- poesía
Portuguese
- parte de discurso
- palavras
- poesia
French
- partie du discours
- mots
- poésie
| 799 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 890 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 879 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 1624 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 4335 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 807 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 900 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 1665 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 843 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 862 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 1205 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 1671 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 1897 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1007 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1363 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 1883 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 35394 | Morohashi |
| 1503 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 5582 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 1865 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 2009 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 946 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 3049 | 2001 Kanji |
| 7a5.15 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 1-7-5 | SKIP code |
| 0762.0 | Four corner code |
| 1-27-76 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 8a5e | Unicode hex code |