| 841 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 773 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 750 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 493 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 2078 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 606 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 594 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 1669 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 1024 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 1063 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 900 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 955 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 1885 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1001 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1355 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 1145 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 13557 | Morohashi |
| 1492 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2385 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 1136 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 1218 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 426 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 743 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
severance, decline, refuse, apologize, warn, dismiss, prohibit, decision, judgement, cutting
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 5
JLPT level N3
338 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 断 【ダン】 decision, judgment, resolution
- 断言 【ダンゲン】 assertion, declaration, affirmation
- 独断 【ドクダン】 one's own judgement (judgment), decision made without consulting others, arbitrary decision, dogmatism
- 縦断 【ジュウダン】 running through (north-south), cutting across, travelling across, cutting vertically, sectioning longitudinally
Kun reading compounds
- 断つ 【たつ】 to sever, to cut off, to suppress, to eradicate, to exterminate, to abstain (from), to give up
- 断る 【ことわる】 to refuse, to reject, to dismiss, to turn down, to decline, to inform, to give notice, to tell in advance, to ask leave, to excuse oneself (from)
- 断るまでもなく 【ことわるまでもなく】 needless to say
Readings
- Korean:
- dan
Spanish
- cortar
- interrumpir
- rehusar
- declinar
- rechazar
Portuguese
- desligamento
- decadência
- recusa
- pedir desculpas
- avisar
- despedir
- proíbir
- decisão
- julgamento
- incisivo
French
- refus
- décliner
- rupture
- excuses
- prévenir
- rejeter
- interdire
- décision
- jugement
- trancher
| 1254 | 2001 Kanji |
| 6b5.6 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 1-7-4 | SKIP code |
| 2272.1 | Four corner code |
| 1-35-39 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 65ad | Unicode hex code |
outskirts, suburbs, rural area
- On:
- コウ
Jōyō kanji, taught in junior high
JLPT level N2
1304 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 郊外 【コウガイ】 suburb, residential area on the outskirt of a city, commuter belt
- 郊外化 【コウガイカ】 suburbanization
- 南郊 【ナンコウ】 southern suburbs
- 北郊 【ホッコウ】 northern suburbs
Readings
- Korean:
- gyo
Spanish
- afueras
- suburbios
- área rural
Portuguese
- periferia
- subúrbios
- área rural
French
- périphérie
- banlieue
- zone rurale
| 1254 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 1237 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 4761 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 1030 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 968 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 888 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 817 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 836 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 503 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 756 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 1638 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 864 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1181 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 1861 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 39392 | Morohashi |
| 1286 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 6137 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 1844 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 1987 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 1299 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 444 | 2001 Kanji |
| 2d6.8 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 1-6-3 | SKIP code |
| 1-6-2 | SKIP code |
| 0742.7 | Four corner code |
| 1-25-57 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 90ca | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 4
JLPT level N2
610 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 競演 【キョウエン】 contest (between performers), competitive performance, competition between theatres putting on the same show
- 競泳 【キョウエイ】 competitive swimming, swimming race
- 競馬 【ケイバ】 horse racing
- 競売 【キョウバイ】 auction
Kun reading compounds
- 競う 【きそう】 to compete, to contend, to vie, to contest
- 競る 【せる】 to compete, to bid, to sell at auction
- 比べる 【くらべる】 to compare, to make a comparison, to compete, to vie
Readings
- Japanese names:
- かい、 わたなべ
- Korean:
- gyeong
Spanish
- competir
- rivalizar
- comparar
Portuguese
- imitar
- competir com
- oferta
- vender em leilão
- disputa
- competição
- corrida
French
- compétition
- rivaliser
- enchère
- vente aux enchères
- combat
- concours
- course
| 379 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 487 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 463 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 609 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 3364 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 464 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 789 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 2927 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 852 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 871 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 1020 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 1463 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 2322 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1200 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1639 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 441 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 25831 | Morohashi |
| 1847 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 4244 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 434 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 465 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 640 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 457 | 2001 Kanji |
| 5b15.1 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 1-10-10 | SKIP code |
| 2-10-10 | SKIP code |
| 0021.6 | Four corner code |
| 1-22-05 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 7af6 | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 2
JLPT level N4
626 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 走 【ソウ】 run, race
- 走行 【ソウコウ】 running (of a car, bus, etc.), traveling, travelling, running (of a program)
- 代走 【ダイソウ】 substitute runner
- 快走 【カイソウ】 fast moving, fast running, fast sailing
Kun reading compounds
- 走る 【はしる】 to run, to run (of a vehicle), to drive, to travel, to move, to sail, to rush (to), to dash, to race, to retreat, to flee, to defect (to), to run away, to abscond, to elope, to flash (of lightning), to streak, to shoot (through; e.g. of pain), to run (through), to flare, to flit (e.g. across one's face), to spread quickly (of news, shock, etc.), to go (e.g. bad, to extremes), to become, to turn, to take to (e.g. crime), to get carried away by (e.g. one's emotions), to get involved in, to get wrapped up in, to run (through; of a road, street, etc.), to extend (e.g. of a mountain range), to stretch, to lie
Readings
- Japanese names:
- はしり
- Korean:
- ju
Spanish
- correr
- escapar
- huir
Portuguese
- Correr
- corrida
French
- courir
| 105 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 179 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 161 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 725 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 4539 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 832 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 255 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 441 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 3.7 | Japanese for Busy People |
| 429 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 435 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 177 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 1753 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 2720 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1390 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1877 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 390 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 37034 | Morohashi |
| 2194 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 5845 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 384 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 410 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 148 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 1470 | 2001 Kanji |
| 3b4.9 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 2-3-4 | SKIP code |
| 4080.1 | Four corner code |
| 1-33-86 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 8d70 | Unicode hex code |