| 259 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 343 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 326 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 175 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 4709 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 194 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 262 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 1503 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 3.14 | Japanese for Busy People |
| 437 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 443 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 267 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 702 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 3873 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1991 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2689 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 568 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 38943P | Morohashi |
| 3121 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 6073 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 561 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 603 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 156 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 378 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 3
JLPT level N3
142 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 進学 【シンガク】 advancing to the next stage of education, going on to (high school, college, etc.)
- 進化 【シンカ】 evolution, evolution, becoming more advanced, progress, development, improvement
- 後進 【コウシン】 one's junior, younger generation, next generation, moving backwards, backing up, reversing
- 累進 【ルイシン】 successive promotion, gradual progression, rising step by step, increasing progressively (of income tax, etc.)
Kun reading compounds
- 進む 【すすむ】 to advance, to go forward, to precede, to go ahead (of), to make progress, to improve, to deepen, to heighten, to be fast (of a clock), to be ahead, to do of one's own free will
- 進むも地獄退くも地獄 【すすむもじごくしりぞくもじごく】 between the devil and the deep blue sea, both advancing and retreating are hell
- 進める 【すすめる】 to advance, to move forward, to put (a clock, watch) forward, to carry forward (plans, work, etc.), to proceed with, to make progress in, to further, to advance, to hasten, to speed up, to raise, to elevate, to promote, to develop, to stimulate (e.g. one's appetite)
Readings
- Japanese names:
- のぶ
- Korean:
- jin
Spanish
- avanzar
- progresar
- adelantar
- ascender
Portuguese
- avanço
- continuar
- progresso
- promover
French
- progresser
- avancer
- promouvoir
| 2475 | 2001 Kanji |
| 2q8.1 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 3-3-8 | SKIP code |
| 3-2-8 | SKIP code |
| 3030.1 | Four corner code |
| 1-31-42 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 9032 | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 2
JLPT level N4
40 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 地 【チ】 earth, ground, land, soil, place, territory, bottom (of a package, book, etc.), earth (one of the five elements)
- 地位 【チイ】 (social) position, status, standing, position (in a company, organization, etc.), post, rank
- 奥地 【オクチ】 interior, backwoods, hinterland, back regions
- 対地 【タイチ】 ground to ground
- 地 【ジ】 ground, land, earth, soil, the region in question, the local area, skin, texture, fabric, material, weave, base, background, one's true nature, narrative (i.e. descriptive part of a story), real life, actuality, captured territory, noh chorus, accompaniment music (in Japanese dance), basic phrase (in Japanese music; usu. repetitive), base part (of multiple shamisens)
- 地合い 【ジアイ】 texture (cloth, fabric, paper), market tone, undertone, balance between the position of white and black stones
- 下地 【シタジ】 groundwork, foundation, inclination, aptitude, elementary knowledge (of), grounding (in), undercoat, first coat, soy sauce
- 築地 【ツイジ】 mud wall with a roof, roofed mud wall
Readings
- Japanese names:
- どま
- Korean:
- ji
Spanish
- suelo
- tierra
- terreno
- posición
Portuguese
- terra
- chão
French
- sol
- terre
| 111 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 184 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 167 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 40 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 1056 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 143 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 143 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 241 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 2.1 | Japanese for Busy People |
| 118 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 118 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 146 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 367 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 236 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 152 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 181 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 521 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 4890 | Morohashi |
| 204 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 976 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 515 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 554 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 45 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 130 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 1456 | 2001 Kanji |
| 3b3.1 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 1-3-3 | SKIP code |
| 4411.2 | Four corner code |
| 1-35-47 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 5730 | Unicode hex code |
prison, jail
- On:
- ゴク
Jōyō kanji, taught in junior high
JLPT level N1
1529 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 獄 【ゴク】 jail, gaol, prison
- 獄中 【ゴクチュウ】 during imprisonment, while in jail
- 監獄 【カンゴク】 prison
- 疑獄 【ギゴク】 bribery scandal, graft case
Readings
- Korean:
- og
Spanish
- prisión
- cárcel
Portuguese
- prisão
- cadeia
French
- prison
| 1274 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 1644 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 2906 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 1219 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 1530 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 884 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 905 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 1518 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 1309 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 872 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 501 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 644 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 344 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 20603 | Morohashi |
| 712 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 3602 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 338 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 361 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 1717 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 2963 | 2001 Kanji |
| 3g11.1 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 1-3-11 | SKIP code |
| 4323.4 | Four corner code |
| 1-25-86 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 7344 | Unicode hex code |
retreat, withdraw, retire, resign, repel, expel, reject
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 6
JLPT level N3
424 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 退役 【タイエキ】 retiring from military service
- 退院 【タイイン】 leaving hospital, discharge from hospital
- 進退 【シンタイ】 advance or retreat, moving forwards or backwards, movement, course of action, behaviour, conduct, attitude, remaining in one's post or resigning, staying or leaving
- 勇退 【ユウタイ】 retiring voluntarily, resigning one's post (to make way for others), stepping down, bowing out
Kun reading compounds
- 退く 【しりぞく】 to step back, to move back, to retreat, to withdraw (from the presence of a superior), to leave, to exit, to resign, to retire, to quit, to concede
- 退ける 【しりぞける】 to refuse, to reject, to turn down, to dismiss, to repel, to repulse, to drive away, to beat off, to defeat, to make (someone) leave, to send away, to turn away, to force (someone) to leave their post, to oust, to remove, to expel
- 退く 【ひく】 to move back, to draw back, to recede, to fall back, to retreat, to lessen, to subside, to ebb, to go down (e.g. of swelling), to resign, to retire, to quit
- 退く 【どく】 to step aside, to move (i.e. out of the way), to make way, to resign, to retire, to quit, to secede
- 退ける 【のける】 to put something out of the way, to move (something, someone) aside, to remove, to exclude, to take away, to set aside, to keep apart, to remove (someone) from the group, to shun, to do well despite difficulties, to accomplish despite adversity, to do resolutely, to do boldly
- 退く 【どく】 to step aside, to move (i.e. out of the way), to make way, to resign, to retire, to quit, to secede
Readings
- Korean:
- toe
Spanish
- retroceder
- retirarse
- renunciar
- dimitir
- destruir
- negar
- rechazar
- rehusar
Portuguese
- retirada
- sacar
- retirar
- pedir demissão
- repelir
- expelir
- rejeitar
French
- retraite
- se retirer
- démissionner
- repousser
- exclure
- rejeter
| 839 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 769 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 746 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 613 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 4684 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 459 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 954 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 1236A | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 846 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 865 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 348 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 687 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 3838 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1969 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2665 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 1477 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 38839P | Morohashi |
| 3094 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 6040 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 1465 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 1575 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 703 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 3865 | 2001 Kanji |
| 2q6.3 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 3-3-6 | SKIP code |
| 3730.3 | Four corner code |
| 1-34-64 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 9000 | Unicode hex code |