| 1432 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 1628 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 4646 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 1312 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 944 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 493 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 1487 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 1584 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 344 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 1784 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 2531 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1287 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1755 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 1510 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 38630 | Morohashi |
| 2038 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 5996 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 1496 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 1612 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 1144 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
Jōyō kanji, taught in junior high
JLPT level N2
1607 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 辛 【カノト】 8th in rank, eighth sign of the Chinese calendar
- 辛抱 【シンボウ】 patience, endurance, perseverance
- 細辛 【サイシン】 Siebold's wild ginger (esp. its dried root or rhizome, used as an antitussive and analgesic in traditional Chinese medicine)
- 薄葉細辛 【ウスバサイシン】 Siebold's wild ginger (Asarum sieboldii)
Kun reading compounds
- 辛い 【からい】 spicy, hot, salty, harsh (criticism), severe (punishment), strict, painful, bitter, difficult, tough
- 辛い味 【からいあじ】 pungent taste
- 辛い 【つらい】 painful, bitter, heart-breaking, difficult (emotionally), tough, difficult, hard (usu. of situations), cruel, harsh, cold
- 辛い目に会う 【つらいめにあう】 to have a hard time of it
- 辛 【かのと】 8th in rank, eighth sign of the Chinese calendar
- 辛卯 【かのとう】 Metal Rabbit (28th term of the sexagenary cycle, e.g. 1951, 2011, 2071)
Readings
- Korean:
- sin
Spanish
- amargo
- duro
- severo
- salado
- picante
Portuguese
- picante
- quente
- amargo
- temperado
French
- épicé
- amer
- piquant
- âcre
| 455 | 2001 Kanji |
| 5b2.2 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 2-2-5 | SKIP code |
| 2-5-2 | SKIP code |
| 0040.1 | Four corner code |
| 1-31-41 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 8f9b | Unicode hex code |
constitution, law
- On:
- ケン
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 6
JLPT level N1
551 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 憲章 【ケンショウ】 charter
- 憲政 【ケンセイ】 constitutional government, exemplary government, excellent government
- 違憲 【イケン】 unconstitutionality
- 改憲 【カイケン】 constitutional change, revising the constitution
Readings
- Japanese names:
- かず、 のり、 よし
- Korean:
- heon
Spanish
- regulación
- ley
- norma
- funcionario
Portuguese
- Constituição
- lei
French
- constitution
- loi
| 773 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 863 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 852 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 943 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 1342 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 622 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 1322 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 2562 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 521 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 530 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 787 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 803 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 3001 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1533 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2091 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 1568 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 11269P | Morohashi |
| 2368 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1988 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 1554 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 1674 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 429 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 991 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 758 | 2001 Kanji |
| 3m13.2 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 2-3-13 | SKIP code |
| 3033.6 | Four corner code |
| 1-23-91 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 61b2 | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 4
JLPT level N4
430 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 英 【エイ】 United Kingdom, Britain, English (language)
- 英語 【エイゴ】 English (language)
- 育英 【イクエイ】 education of gifted young people, providing financial support to gifted students, education
- 和英 【ワエイ】 Japanese-English, Japanese-English dictionary
Kun reading compounds
- 花房 【はなぶさ】 calyx, corolla
Readings
- Japanese names:
- あ、 あい、 え、 すぐる、 はな、 ひ、 ひで、 よし、 ら
- Korean:
- yeong
Spanish
- Inglaterra
- excelente
Portuguese
- Inglaterra
- Inglês
French
- Angleterre
- anglais
- fleur éclose
- brillant
| 353 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 449 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 426 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 449 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 3927 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 377 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 244 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 693 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 2.19 | Japanese for Busy People |
| 353 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 354 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 155 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 644 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 2782 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1427 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1925 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 1757 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 30808P | Morohashi |
| 2238 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 5008 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 1741 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 1878 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 361 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 495 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 1963 | 2001 Kanji |
| 3k5.5 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 2-3-5 | SKIP code |
| 4453.0 | Four corner code |
| 1-17-49 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 82f1 | Unicode hex code |