Jisho

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冷

7 strokes
Radical:
ice 冫
Parts:
一 个 冫 卩
cool, cold (beer, person), chill
Kun:
つめ.たい、 ひ.える、 ひ.や、 ひ.ややか、 ひ.やす、 ひ.やかす、 さ.める、 さ.ます
On:
レイ
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 4
JLPT level N3
667 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers

Speed

Stroke order

On reading compounds

  • 冷 【レイ】 refrigerator, cold, cool, cold sake
  • 冷夏 【レイカ】 cool summer, cold summer, cooler-than-normal summer
  • 寒冷 【カンレイ】 cold, coldness, chilliness
  • 空冷 【クウレイ】 air cooling

Kun reading compounds

  • 冷たい 【つめたい】 cold (to the touch), chilly, icy, freezing, (emotionally) cold, coldhearted, unfeeling, indifferent, unfriendly, distant
  • 冷たい暗黒物質 【つめたいあんこくぶっしつ】 cold dark matter
  • 冷える 【ひえる】 to grow cold (from room temperature, e.g. in refrigerator), to get chilly, to cool down
  • 冷や 【ひや】 cold water, cold sake, cold, cool, chilled, unheated
  • 冷やす 【ひやす】 to cool (from room temperature), to chill, to refrigerate, to calm down, to cool off, to regain one's composure, to relax, to be frightened (at), to be scared (of)
  • お冷 【おひや】 cold (drinking) water, (glass of) cold water, cold boiled rice
  • 冷ややか 【ひややか】 cold, chilly, cool, cold (attitude, stare, etc.), frigid, indifferent, distant, surly, curt, composed, cool, calm
  • 冷やす 【ひやす】 to cool (from room temperature), to chill, to refrigerate, to calm down, to cool off, to regain one's composure, to relax, to be frightened (at), to be scared (of)
  • 冷やかす 【ひやかす】 to banter, to make fun of, to jeer at, to cool, to refrigerate, to window-shop, to look at without buying
  • 冷める 【さめる】 to cool down, to get cold, to cool off (excitement, temper, etc.), to subside, to dampen, to fade, to wane, to be cold (eyes, expression, etc.), to be composed
  • 冷ます 【さます】 to cool (e.g. from a high temperature to room temperature), to let cool, to dampen, to throw a damper on, to spoil

Readings

Mandarin Chinese (pinyin):
leng3
Korean:
raeng

Spanish

  • frío
  • enfriar
  • enfriarse
  • helarse
  • helar

Portuguese

  • fresco
  • frio (cerveja
  • pessoa)
  • calafrio

French

  • froid
  • fraîche (bière)
  • froide (personne)
  • refroidir
535 A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade)
634 A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot)
604 A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall)
607 A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage
642 Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson)
792 Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill)
348 Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki)
349 Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill)
832 Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky)
851 Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky)
662 Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono)
166 Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide
88 Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
57 Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
61 Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern)
1416 Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette)
1622 Morohashi
80 New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
419 New Nelson (John Haig)
1404 Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig)
1506 Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig)
493 Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask)
344 2001 Kanji
2b5.3 The Kanji Dictionary
1-2-5 SKIP code
3812.7 Four corner code
1-46-68 JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code
51b7 Unicode hex code

酷

14 strokes
Radical:
wine, alcohol 酉
Parts:
ノ 口 土 酉
cruel, severe, atrocious, unjust
Kun:
ひど.い
On:
コク
Jōyō kanji, taught in junior high
JLPT level N1
1596 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers

Speed

Stroke order

On reading compounds

  • 酷 【コク】 severe, harsh, stringent, rigorous, strict, unfair
  • 酷似 【コクジ】 resembling closely, being strikingly similar, bearing a strong likeness
  • 残忍冷酷 【ザンニンレイコク】 atrocious and cold-blooded, cruel, brutal, merciless
  • 厳酷 【ゲンコク】 severity, rigor, rigour

Kun reading compounds

  • 酷い 【ひどい】 cruel, heartless, hard, harsh, severe, violent, intense, strong, heavy, extreme, very bad, terrible, awful, excessive, exorbitant, unreasonable, outrageous, unfair, unjust
  • ひどい風邪 【ひどいかぜ】 bad cold

Readings

Mandarin Chinese (pinyin):
ku4
Korean:
hog

Spanish

  • severidad
  • crueldad
  • atrocidad
  • injusticia

Portuguese

  • injusto
  • cruel
  • severo

French

  • cruel
  • atroce
  • sévère
  • injuste
1273 A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall)
1702 A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage
4788 Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson)
1591 Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill)
1837 Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki)
1711 Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky)
1828 Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky)
1596 Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono)
1796 Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide
1967 Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
1048 Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
1414 Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern)
1443 Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette)
39870P Morohashi
1562 New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
6176 New Nelson (John Haig)
1431 Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig)
1539 Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig)
1735 Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask)
3277 2001 Kanji
7e7.1 The Kanji Dictionary
1-7-7 SKIP code
1466.1 Four corner code
1-25-83 JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code
9177 Unicode hex code

無

12 strokes
Radical:
fire 火 (灬)
Parts:
一 ｜ ノ 杰 無 乞
nothingness, none, ain't, nothing, nil, not
Kun:
な.い
On:
ム、 ブ
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 4
274 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers

Speed

Stroke order

On reading compounds

  • 無 【ム】 nothing, naught, nought, nil, zero, un-, non-
  • 無意識 【ムイシキ】 unconsciousness, unconscious, involuntary, automatic, mechanical, unintentional, spontaneous, the unconscious
  • 皆無 【カイム】 nonexistent, nil, none, nothing (at all), bugger-all
  • 虚無 【キョム】 nihility, nothingness
  • 無 【ブ】 un-, non-, bad ..., poor ...
  • 不気味 【ブキミ】 weird, eerie, ominous, creepy, uncanny, unearthly

Kun reading compounds

  • 無い 【ない】 nonexistent, not being (there), unowned, not had, unpossessed, unique, not, impossible, won't happen, not, to not be, to have not
  • 【ないといけない】 have to (verb), must (verb), is indispensable, absolutely necessary
  • 苦無 【くない】 ninja throwing knives, mediaeval farming tool for digging, prying, etc.

Readings

Mandarin Chinese (pinyin):
wu2, mo2
Korean:
mu

Spanish

  • nada
  • inexistente
  • prefijo negativo
  • no hay

Portuguese

  • Sem valor
  • nada
  • não sou/ estou
  • nihil
  • não

French

  • néant
  • rien
  • ne pas
  • non
  • in-
  • négatif
723 A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade)
620 A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot)
796 A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall)
227 A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage
2773 Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson)
386 Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill)
715 Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki)
1789 Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill)
93 Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky)
93 Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky)
400 Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono)
1280 Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide
2648 Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
1351 Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
1832 Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern)
1791 Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette)
19113 Morohashi
2135 New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
3439 New Nelson (John Haig)
1775 Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig)
1913 Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig)
179 The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley)
600 Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask)
2340 2001 Kanji
4d8.8 The Kanji Dictionary
2-2-10 SKIP code
2-8-4 SKIP code
8033.1 Four corner code
1-44-21 JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code
7121 Unicode hex code

惨

11 strokes
Radical:
heart 心 (忄, ⺗)
Parts:
一 厶 彡 忙
Variants:
慘
wretched, disaster, cruelty, harsh
Kun:
みじ.め、 いた.む、 むご.い
On:
サン、 ザン
Jōyō kanji, taught in junior high
JLPT level N1
1463 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers

Speed

Stroke order

On reading compounds

  • 惨 【サン】 appalling
  • 惨事 【サンジ】 disaster, tragedy, tragic incident, horrible accident
  • 凄惨 【セイサン】 ghastly, gruesome, appalling, lurid
  • 陰惨 【インサン】 sadness and gloom
  • 残虐 【ザンギャク】 cruel, brutal, savage, barbarous
  • 残酷 【ザンコク】 cruel, brutal, ruthless, merciless, inhuman
  • 冷酷無惨 【レイコクムザン】 cruel and heartless, merciless, implacable, cold-blooded

Kun reading compounds

  • 惨め 【みじめ】 miserable, wretched, unhappy, sad, pitiable
  • 惨い 【むごい】 cruel, merciless, pitiless, brutal, atrocious, inhuman, tragic, horrible, terrible, dreadful, miserable, ugly, horrifying

Readings

Mandarin Chinese (pinyin):
can3, can4
Korean:
cham, chim

Spanish

  • cruel
  • horrible
  • desastroso

Portuguese

  • desprezível
  • desastre
  • crueldade
  • severo

French

  • choquant
  • misérable
  • désastre
  • cruauté
  • rude
1309 A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall)
1470 A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage
1713 Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson)
1304 Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill)
1304 Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki)
1725 Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky)
1843 Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky)
1457 Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono)
818 Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide
585 Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
354 Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
441 Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern)
1737 Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette)
10850 Morohashi
483 New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
1896 New Nelson (John Haig)
1721 Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig)
1857 Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig)
1433 Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask)
1160 2001 Kanji
4k8.5 The Kanji Dictionary
1-3-8 SKIP code
9302.2 Four corner code
1-27-20 JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code
60e8 Unicode hex code