| 260 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 166 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 149 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 381 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 4293 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 211 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 248 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 2544 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 3.6 | Japanese for Busy People |
| 175 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 175 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 249 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 1647 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 2264 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1172 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1599 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 1518 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 34918 | Morohashi |
| 1799 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 5534 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 1504 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 1621 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 315 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 237 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 2
JLPT level N4
406 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 親 【シン】 intimacy, closeness, friendliness, close relative, pro- (e.g. pro-American)
- 親衛 【シンエイ】 monarch's guards
- 懇親 【コンシン】 friendship, intimacy
- 近親 【キンシン】 near relative
Kun reading compounds
- 親 【おや】 parent, parents, mother and father, dealer, banker, founder, inventor, (pet) owner, key, parent (organization), main, ancestor, forefather
- 親方 【おやかた】 master, boss, chief, foreman, supervisor, stable master, craftsman, artisan, foster parent
- 生みの親 【うみのおや】 biological parent, founder, creator
- 里親 【さとおや】 foster parent, foster parents, (pet) caretaker
- 親しい 【したしい】 close (e.g. friend), familiar, friendly, intimate, familiar (e.g. story), well-known (to one), close (relatives), closely related
- 親しむ 【したしむ】 to be intimate with, to befriend
Readings
- Japanese names:
- ぎ、 ちか、 のり
- Korean:
- chin
Spanish
- padre
- madre
- familiares
- íntimo
- personalmente
- padres
- hacerse amigo
- intimar
Portuguese
- pai
- intimidade
- parente
- familiaridade
- crupiê
French
- parent
- parenté
- intimité
- familiarité
- donneur (cartes)
| 457 | 2001 Kanji |
| 5b11.1 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 1-9-7 | SKIP code |
| 0691.0 | Four corner code |
| 1-31-38 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 89aa | Unicode hex code |
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 外戚 【ガイセキ】 maternal relative
- 休戚 【キュウセキ】 weal and woe, joys and sorrows, welfare
Readings
- Korean:
- cheog
Spanish
- pariente (de sangre)
- cuerpo
Portuguese
French
- parenté
- relations familiales
- peine
| 1804 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 488 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 4401 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2997 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 729 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 11594 | Morohashi |
| 2032 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 2882 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 385 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 4n7.2 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 4-11-4 | SKIP code |
| 5320.0 | Four corner code |
| 1-32-44 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 621a | Unicode hex code |
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 眷顧 【ケンコ】 favor, patronage, being partial to, paying special attention to
- 眷属 【ケンゾク】 (one's) family, dependents, household, follower, retainer, underling
Readings
- Korean:
- gweon
Spanish
Portuguese
French
| 3139 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 23311 | Morohashi |
| 3934 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 5c6.6 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 2-6-5 | SKIP code |
| 9060.3 | Four corner code |
| 1-66-39 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 7737 | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 5
JLPT level N1
912 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 属 【ゾク】 genus, generic
- 属する 【ゾクスル】 to belong to, to come under, to be affiliated with, to be subject to
- 非鉄金属 【ヒテツキンゾク】 non-ferrous metal
- 貴金属 【キキンゾク】 precious metal
- 嘱託 【ショクタク】 commission, entrusting with (work), part-time employee, temporary work
- 嘱望 【ショクボウ】 having great hopes for (someone's future), expecting much of, pinning one's hopes on
Kun reading compounds
- 雅楽属 【うたのさかん】 alternate assistant court musician (ritsuryō system)
Readings
- Japanese names:
- さっか、 つき
- Korean:
- chog, sog
Spanish
- subordinación
- obediencia
- pertenencia
Portuguese
- pertencer
- gênero
- oficial subordinado
- afiliado
French
- faire partie de
- genre
- fonctionnaire subalterne
- affilié à
| 835 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 766 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 744 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 799 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 1400 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 655 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 1233 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 1802 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 1637 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 1750 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 1091 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 532 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 3901 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2009 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2711 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 1972 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 7754X | Morohashi |
| 3145 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1430 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 1953 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 2103 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 758 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 3753 | 2001 Kanji |
| 3r9.1 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 3-3-9 | SKIP code |
| 7722.7 | Four corner code |
| 1-34-16 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 5c5e | Unicode hex code |