| 79 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 136 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 123 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 8 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 1037 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 111 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 36 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 745 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 2.11 | Japanese for Busy People |
| 40 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 40 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 151 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 344 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 3831 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1964 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2659 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 588 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 4752 | Morohashi |
| 3087 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 950 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 581 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 624 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 4 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 158 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 2
JLPT level N5
3 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 国益 【コクエキ】 national interest
- 国営 【コクエイ】 government management, state management
- 最恵国 【サイケイコク】 most favored nation, most favoured nation, MFN
- 異国 【イコク】 foreign country
Kun reading compounds
- 国 【くに】 country, state, region, national government, central government, home (i.e. hometown, home country), province (of Japan), land, earth
- 国人 【こくじん】 indigenous person, inhabitant of a country, local, native, local lords and samurai, daimyo who did not leave his domains to meet the shogun in Kyoto (during the Muromachi period)
- お国 【おくに】 your native country, your hometown, my home country (i.e. Japan), countryside, country, daimyo's territory (Edo period)
- 現国 【うつしくに】 world of mankind, this world
Readings
- Japanese names:
- くな、 こ
- Korean:
- gug
Spanish
- país
Portuguese
- País
- terra
- nação
French
- pays
| 3172 | 2001 Kanji |
| 3s5.1 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 3-3-5 | SKIP code |
| 6010.3 | Four corner code |
| 1-25-81 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 56fd | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 5
JLPT level N3
183 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 際 【サイ】 occasion, time, circumstances, (in) case (of), when
- 際会 【サイカイ】 meeting, facing, confronting
- 学際 【ガクサイ】 interdisciplinary
- 援助交際 【エンジョコウサイ】 paid dating (esp. with an underage girl; oft. involving selling of sex), compensated dating
Kun reading compounds
- 際 【きわ】 edge, brink, verge, side, time, moment of
- 際立つ 【きわだつ】 to be prominent, to be conspicuous, to stand out, to be outstanding, to be remarkable, to be striking, to be notable
- 今際の際 【いまわのきわ】 verge of death, dying moments
Readings
- Japanese names:
- わ
- Korean:
- je
Spanish
- límite
- frontera
- asociación
- unión
- ocasión
Portuguese
- ocasião
- lado
- margem
- limite
- indecente
- ousado
- perigoso
- vez
- quando
French
- occasion
- côté
- accotement
- bord
- dangereux
- aventureux
- indécent
- temps
- quand
| 612 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 710 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 683 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 300 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 5018 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 424 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 992 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 2073 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 618 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 628 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 474 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 750 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 874 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 503 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 646 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 1305 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 41820 | Morohashi |
| 714 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 6478 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 1296 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 1392 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 189 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 789 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 3641 | 2001 Kanji |
| 2d11.1 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 1-3-11 | SKIP code |
| 1-2-11 | SKIP code |
| 7729.1 | Four corner code |
| 1-26-61 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 969b | Unicode hex code |
trade, exchange
- On:
- ボウ
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 5
JLPT level N2
652 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 貿易 【ボウエキ】 (foreign) trade, (international) commerce, importing and exporting
- 貿易赤字 【ボウエキアカジ】 trade deficit
- 内貿 【ナイボウ】 domestic commerce, internal trade
Readings
- Korean:
- mu
Spanish
- comercio
- intercambio
Portuguese
- comercializar
- trocar
French
- commerce
- négoce
- échanges
| 719 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 813 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 792 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 1037 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 4499 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 871 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 926 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 760 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 773 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 433 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 1733 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 3214 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1665 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2255 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 1436 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 36721 | Morohashi |
| 2601 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 5788 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 1424 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 1529 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 768 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 2661 | 2001 Kanji |
| 7b5.8 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 2-5-7 | SKIP code |
| 7780.6 | Four corner code |
| 1-43-39 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 8cbf | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 5
JLPT level N3
571 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 易 【エキ】 type of cleromancy divination (described in the Book of Changes) performed with long sticks, The Book of Changes, Yijing, I Ching
- 易学 【エキガク】 study of divination
- 改易 【カイエキ】 loss of samurai status and confiscation of territory and property (Edo-period punishment)
- 加工交易 【カコウコウエキ】 processing trade (importing all or part of raw and auxiliary materials, parts, components, accessories, and packaging materials in bond from a foreign company, and re-exporting the finished products after processing or assembly for distribution and sale by that foreign company)
- 易 【イ】 easiness
- 易々 【イイ】 easy, simple, plain
- 簡易 【カンイ】 simplicity, convenience, easiness, quasi-
- 難易 【ナンイ】 (relative) difficulty
Kun reading compounds
- 易しい 【やさしい】 easy, plain, simple
- やさしい日本語 【やさしいにほんご】 easy Japanese (that is easily understood by non-native speakers, children, etc.)
- 易い 【やすい】 easy, likely to ..., have a tendency to ..., easy to ...
Readings
- Korean:
- yeog, i
Spanish
- fácil
- simple
- cambio
- intercambio
- adivinación
- sencillo
Portuguese
- Fácil
- ler a sorte
- pronto para
- simples
- advinhação
French
- facile
- prêt-à-...
- simple
- voyance
- divination
- commerce
| 545 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 647 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 618 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 810 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 2107 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 824 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 597 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 714 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 759 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 772 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 434 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 967 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 3064 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1561 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2135 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 1060 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 13814 | Morohashi |
| 2411 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2432 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 1051 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 1130 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 383 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 676 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 3851 | 2001 Kanji |
| 4c4.9 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 2-4-4 | SKIP code |
| 6022.7 | Four corner code |
| 1-16-55 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 6613 | Unicode hex code |
constitution, law
- On:
- ケン
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 6
JLPT level N1
551 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 憲章 【ケンショウ】 charter
- 憲政 【ケンセイ】 constitutional government, exemplary government, excellent government
- 違憲 【イケン】 unconstitutionality
- 改憲 【カイケン】 constitutional change, revising the constitution
Readings
- Japanese names:
- かず、 のり、 よし
- Korean:
- heon
Spanish
- regulación
- ley
- norma
- funcionario
Portuguese
- Constituição
- lei
French
- constitution
- loi
| 773 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 863 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 852 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 943 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 1342 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 622 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 1322 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 2562 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 521 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 530 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 787 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 803 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 3001 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1533 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2091 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 1568 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 11269P | Morohashi |
| 2368 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1988 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 1554 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 1674 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 429 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 991 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 758 | 2001 Kanji |
| 3m13.2 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 2-3-13 | SKIP code |
| 3033.6 | Four corner code |
| 1-23-91 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 61b2 | Unicode hex code |
badge, chapter, composition, poem, design
- On:
- ショウ
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 3
JLPT level N2
990 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 章 【ショウ】 chapter, section, medal, badge, insignia
- 章句 【ショウク】 chapter and verse, paragraph, passage
- 受章 【ジュショウ】 reception of a decoration, reception of an order
- 楽章 【ガクショウ】 movement
Readings
- Japanese names:
- あき、 あきら、 あや、 ふみ
- Korean:
- jang
Spanish
- distintivo
- banda
- capítulo
- frase
Portuguese
- insígnia
- capítulo
- composição
- poema
- projeto
French
- badge
- clairement visible
- composition
- poème
- chapitre
- dessin
| 432 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 334 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 318 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 967 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 5112 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 505 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 787 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 1461 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 857 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 876 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 1027 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 1460 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 2624 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1342 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1819 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 440 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 25761 | Morohashi |
| 2117 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 4235 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 433 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 464 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 376 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 455 | 2001 Kanji |
| 5b6.3 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 2-2-9 | SKIP code |
| 2-5-6 | SKIP code |
| 0040.6 | Four corner code |
| 1-30-47 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 7ae0 | Unicode hex code |