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へいほうじょうよそうごほうそく 平方剰余の相互法則
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Expressions (phrases, clauses, etc.), Noun
1. law of quadratic reciprocity​Mathematics
Wikipedia definition
2. Quadratic reciprocity​In number theory, the law of quadratic reciprocity is a theorem about modular arithmetic which gives conditions for the solvability of quadratic equations modulo prime numbers. There are a number of equivalent statements of the theorem, which consists of two "supplements" and the reciprocity law: Let p, q > 2 be two distinct prime numbers. Then (Supplement 1) x ≡ −1 (mod p) is solvable if and only if p ≡ 1 (mod 4). (Supplement 2) x ≡ 2 (mod p) is solvable if and only if p ≡ ±1 (mod 8).
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