Jisho

×

貞

9 strokes
Radical:
shell 貝
Parts:
ハ 卜 目 貝
upright, chastity, constancy, righteousness
Kun:
ただし.い、 さだ
On:
テイ、 ジョウ
Jōyō kanji, taught in junior high
JLPT level N1
1389 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers

Speed

Stroke order

On reading compounds

  • 貞 【テイ】 firm adherence to one's principles, chastity (of a woman)
  • 貞潔 【テイケツ】 chastity, purity
  • シロウト童貞 【シロウトドウテイ】 man who has never had sex except with sex workers
  • 不貞 【フテイ】 unfaithfulness, infidelity, unchastity
  • 貞永 【ジョウエイ】 Jōei era (1232.4.2-1233.4.15)
  • 貞応 【ジョウオウ】 Jōō era (1222.4.13-1224.11.20)

Kun reading compounds

  • 貞はる 【さだはる】 to harp too long on a subject

Readings

Japanese names:
さざ、 ただし、 りょう
Mandarin Chinese (pinyin):
zhen1
Korean:
jeong

Spanish

  • recto
  • justo
  • constante
  • casto

Portuguese

  • correto
  • casto
  • constância
  • retidão

French

  • intègre
  • chasteté
  • pureté
  • vertu
1615 A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall)
1318 A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage
803 Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson)
1238 Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill)
1776 Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki)
982 Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill)
1681 Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky)
1796 Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky)
1764 Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono)
1721 Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide
2586 Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
1321 Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
1792 Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern)
55 Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette)
36658 Morohashi
2083 New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
5768 New Nelson (John Haig)
55 Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig)
58 Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig)
1295 Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask)
1261 2001 Kanji
2m7.1 The Kanji Dictionary
2-2-7 SKIP code
2-7-2 SKIP code
2180.6 Four corner code
1-36-71 JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code
8c9e Unicode hex code

操

16 strokes
Radical:
hand 手 (扌龵)
Parts:
口 扎 木 品
Variants:
撡
maneuver, manipulate, operate, steer, chastity, virginity, fidelity
Kun:
みさお、 あやつ.る
On:
ソウ、 サン
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 6
JLPT level N1
1016 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers

Speed

Stroke order

On reading compounds

  • 操 【ミサオ】 fidelity, honour, honor, constancy, chastity (of a woman), faithfulness (e.g. to one's husband)
  • 操業 【ソウギョウ】 operation (of a machine, factory, fishing boat, etc.), work
  • 柔軟体操 【ジュウナンタイソウ】 calisthenics
  • 器械体操 【キカイタイソウ】 apparatus gymnastics, artistic gymnastics

Kun reading compounds

  • 操 【みさお】 fidelity, honour, honor, constancy, chastity (of a woman), faithfulness (e.g. to one's husband)
  • 操を守る 【みさおをまもる】 to adhere to one's principles, to preserve one's chastity
  • 操る 【あやつる】 to operate (e.g. a machine), to handle, to manage, to control, to maneuver, to steer, to have a good command of (a language), to play proficiently (of a musical instrument), to work (a puppet), to pull the strings of a puppet, to manipulate (a person, public opinion, etc.), to pull the strings, to control from the shadows, to mastermind

Readings

Japanese names:
さお、 みさ
Mandarin Chinese (pinyin):
cao1, cao4
Korean:
jo

Spanish

  • manipular
  • manejar
  • dirigir
  • castidad
  • fidelidad
  • virtud

Portuguese

  • manobra
  • manipular
  • opera
  • pilotar
  • castidade
  • virgindade
  • fidelidade

French

  • manipuler
  • manoeuvre
  • faite marcher
  • diriger
  • chasteté
  • virginité
  • fidélité
935 A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot)
922 A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall)
985 A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage
2015 Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson)
1367 Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill)
582 Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki)
2448 Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill)
1655 Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky)
1769 Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky)
1485 Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono)
928 Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide
948 Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
531 Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
693 Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern)
678 Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette)
12806 Morohashi
769 New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
2296 New Nelson (John Haig)
671 Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig)
724 Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig)
995 Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask)
1364 2001 Kanji
3c13.3 The Kanji Dictionary
1-3-13 SKIP code
5609.4 Four corner code
1-33-64 JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code
64cd Unicode hex code

堅

12 strokes
Radical:
earth 土
Parts:
又 土 臣
strict, hard, solid, tough, tight, reliable
Kun:
かた.い、 -がた.い
On:
ケン
Jōyō kanji, taught in junior high
JLPT level N1
1049 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers

Speed

Stroke order

On reading compounds

  • 堅 【ケン】 strength, solidity, firmness, armour, armor
  • 堅持 【ケンジ】 holding on to, sticking to
  • 中堅 【チュウケン】 nucleus, backbone, mainstay, key figure, medium-level, mid-level, middle-ranking, midsize, main body (of troops), crack troops, select troops, center field, centre field, center fielder, centre fielder, athlete competing in the middle-number match in a team competition, i.e. second in 3-on-3, third in 5-on-5 (kendo, judo, etc.)
  • 米利堅 【メリケン】 America, American, fist

Kun reading compounds

  • 硬い 【かたい】 hard, solid, tough, stiff, tight, wooden, unpolished (e.g. writing), strong, firm (not viscous or easily moved), safe, steady, honest, steadfast, obstinate, stubborn, bookish, formal, stuffy
  • 堅い商売 【かたいしょうばい】 sound business

Readings

Japanese names:
きん
Mandarin Chinese (pinyin):
jian1
Korean:
gyeon

Spanish

  • duro
  • sólido
  • firme
  • apretado
  • estricto

Portuguese

  • de confiança
  • apertado
  • duro
  • sólido
  • firme
  • estrito

French

  • tenace
  • dur
  • strict
  • solide
  • ferme
  • fiable
1217 A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall)
914 A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage
1096 Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson)
995 Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill)
1155 Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki)
1796 Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill)
1289 Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky)
1363 Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky)
1228 Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono)
356 Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide
3502 Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
1805 Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
2457 Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern)
861 Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette)
5210 Morohashi
2823 New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
1038 New Nelson (John Haig)
853 Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig)
917 Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig)
1513 Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask)
3472 2001 Kanji
3b9.13 The Kanji Dictionary
2-9-3 SKIP code
2-8-3 SKIP code
7710.4 Four corner code
1-23-88 JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code
5805 Unicode hex code

固

8 strokes
Radical:
enclosure 囗
Parts:
十 口 囗
Variants:
harden, set, clot, curdle
Kun:
かた.める、 かた.まる、 かた.まり、 かた.い
On:
コ
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 4
JLPT level N2
750 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers

Speed

Stroke order

On reading compounds

  • 固体 【コタイ】 solid (body), solid matter, solid-state
  • 固形 【コケイ】 solid (body)
  • 凝固 【ギョウコ】 coagulation, freezing, solidification
  • 簡明強固 【カンメイキョウコ】 plain and sturdy

Kun reading compounds

  • 固める 【かためる】 to harden, to freeze, to strengthen, to solidify, to make (a fist), to tramp down (snow, dirt), to put together, to collect, to gather, to consolidate, to make secure, to stabilize, to settle down, to strengthen (belief, resolution, etc.), to establish (evidence), to fortify, to reinforce, to support, to wear for a specific purpose (armor, coat, etc.), to swear, to resolutely vow, to sincerely promise, to tie tightly, to fasten, to hold a bow fully drawn
  • 固まる 【かたまる】 to harden, to solidify, to become firm, to become certain, to gather (together), to assemble, to huddle together, to freeze, to hang, to stop responding
  • 塊 【かたまり】 lump, mass, bundle, clump, clod, cluster, group, crowd, embodiment (of an idea, quality, feeling etc.), personification
  • 塊肉 【かたまりにく】 chunk of meat (e.g. for grilling), joint of meat
  • 硬い 【かたい】 hard, solid, tough, stiff, tight, wooden, unpolished (e.g. writing), strong, firm (not viscous or easily moved), safe, steady, honest, steadfast, obstinate, stubborn, bookish, formal, stuffy
  • かたいことは言いっこなし 【かたいことはいいっこなし】 let's put formalities aside, let's not speak so stiffly

Readings

Mandarin Chinese (pinyin):
gu4
Korean:
go

Spanish

  • endurecer
  • fijar
  • terco
  • testarudo
  • originario de

Portuguese

  • endurecer
  • aglomerar
  • coágulo
  • coagular

French

  • solide
  • durcir
  • résolu
  • coaguler
  • cailler
393 A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade)
501 A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot)
476 A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall)
834 A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage
1036 Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson)
738 Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill)
424 Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki)
744 Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill)
972 Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky)
1004 Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky)
470 Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono)
343 Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide
3830 Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
1963 Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
2658 Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern)
587 Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette)
4745 Morohashi
3086 New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
949 New Nelson (John Haig)
580 Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig)
622 Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig)
503 Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask)
1577 2001 Kanji
3s5.2 The Kanji Dictionary
3-3-5 SKIP code
6060.4 Four corner code
1-24-39 JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code
56fa Unicode hex code