| 605 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 502 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 477 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 765 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 1454 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 467 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 1099 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 135 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 818 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 837 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 378 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 209 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 218 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 138 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 165 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 871 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 2295 | Morohashi |
| 189 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 522 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 863 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 927 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 448 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 4
JLPT level N1
857 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 功 【コウ】 merit, success, meritorious deed, achievement, accumulated experience
- 功績 【コウセキ】 achievement, meritorious deed, distinguished service, contribution
- 即効 【ソッコウ】 immediate effect, instant effect
- 奏功 【ソウコウ】 success, achievement, fruition
- 工夫 【クフウ】 devising (a way), contriving, inventing, thinking up, figuring out, coming up with, working out, device, design, idea, plan, invention, dedication to spiritual improvement (esp. through Zen meditation)
- 効能 【コウノウ】 effect, effectiveness, efficacy, virtue, benefit
Kun reading compounds
- 勲 【いさお】 distinguished service, meritorious service
Readings
- Japanese names:
- いさ、 かつ、 くぬ、 ぐう、 こと、 つとむ、 とし、 のり、 よし
- Korean:
- gong
Spanish
- logro
- méritos
- éxito
- servicio
Portuguese
- realização
- méritos
- sucesso
- honra
- crédito
French
- réussite
- réalisation
- succès
- mérite
- honneur
- crédit
| 3145 | 2001 Kanji |
| 2g3.2 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 1-3-2 | SKIP code |
| 1412.7 | Four corner code |
| 1-24-89 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 529f | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 5
JLPT level N3
732 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 罪 【ザイ】 crime
- 罪悪 【ザイアク】 crime, sin, vice
- 同罪 【ドウザイ】 same crime, being equally guilty, bearing the same amount of responsibility
- 功罪 【コウザイ】 merits and demerits, good points and bad points, strengths and weaknesses
Kun reading compounds
- 罪 【つみ】 crime, sin, wrongdoing, indiscretion, penalty, sentence, punishment, fault, responsibility, culpability, thoughtlessness, lack of consideration
- 罪滅ぼし 【つみほろぼし】 atonement (for one's sins), expiation, making amends, making up for (a misdeed)
- 無実の罪 【むじつのつみ】 false charge
- 重い罪 【おもいつみ】 serious crime, grave crime
Readings
- Korean:
- joe
Spanish
- culpabilidad
- pecado
- delito
- crimen
- defecto
- culpa
Portuguese
- culpa
- pecado
- crime
- falta
- ofensa
French
- culpabilité
- péché
- crime
- faute
- responsabilité
- délit
| 794 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 713 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 686 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 928 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 3643 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 748 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 830 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 2006 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 885 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 906 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 1047 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 1464 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 3224 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1673 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2264 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 1651 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 28293 | Morohashi |
| 2610 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 4644 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 1636 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 1764 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 775 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 3654 | 2001 Kanji |
| 5g8.4 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 2-5-8 | SKIP code |
| 6011.1 | Four corner code |
| 1-26-65 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 7f6a | Unicode hex code |
inter-, mutual, together, each other, minister of state, councillor, aspect, phase, physiognomy
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 3
JLPT level N3
45 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 相 【ソウ】 aspect, appearance, look, physiognomy (as an indication of one's fortune), aspect, phase (e.g. solid, liquid and gaseous)
- 相違 【ソウイ】 difference, discrepancy, variation
- 実相 【ジッソウ】 reality, real state of affairs, true state of affairs, true form of all things as they are, ultimate reality
- 世相 【セソウ】 social conditions, phase of life, (sign of) the times, state of society
- 相 【ショウ】 minister (of a government department)
- 相伴 【ショウバン】 partaking, participating, taking part in, sharing (something with someone)
- 厚相 【コウショウ】 Welfare Minister
- 宰相 【サイショウ】 prime minister, premier, chancellor
Readings
- Japanese names:
- あ、 い、 おう、 さ、 さが、 すけ
- Korean:
- sang
Spanish
- apariencia
- aspecto
- fase
- ministro de estado
- conjuntamente
- mutuamente
Portuguese
- inter-
- mútuo
- juntamente
- mutuamente
- ministro de estado
- conselheiro
- aspecto
- face
- fisionomia
French
- inter-
- mutuel
- ensemble
- ministre
- aspect
- phase
- physionomie
| 452 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 348 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 530 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 66 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 2241 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 97 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 759 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 868 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 146 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 146 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 391 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 1383 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 1120 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 609 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 808 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 213 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 23151 | Morohashi |
| 900 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 3920 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 209 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 222 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 111 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 334 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 1879 | 2001 Kanji |
| 4a5.3 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 1-4-5 | SKIP code |
| 4690.0 | Four corner code |
| 1-33-74 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 76f8 | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in junior high
JLPT level N1
854 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 償却 【ショウキャク】 repayment, redemption, depreciation, amortization, amortisation
- 償還 【ショウカン】 repayment, redemption, amortization, amortisation
- 無償 【ムショウ】 without compensation, without reward, without pay, free (of charge)
- 有償 【ユウショウ】 (involving) payment, (involving) compensation, paying a fee
Kun reading compounds
- 償う 【つぐなう】 to make up for, to compensate for, to indemnify, to recompense, to redeem (e.g. a fault), to atone for
Readings
- Korean:
- sang
Spanish
- compensación
- indemnización
- compensar
- resarcir
- recompensar
Portuguese
- reparação
- compensação
- recompensa
- redimir
- resgate
French
- compensation
- réparation
- indemnisation
- se racheter
- récompense
| 1412 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 1101 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 563 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 1355 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 1073 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 971 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 1003 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 712 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 139 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 199 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 129 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 155 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 994 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 1245 | Morohashi |
| 176 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 333 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 985 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 1060 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 1866 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 2161 | 2001 Kanji |
| 2a15.4 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 1-2-15 | SKIP code |
| 2928.6 | Four corner code |
| 1-29-94 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 511f | Unicode hex code |