| 1260 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 1149 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 3193 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 1598 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 766 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 1635 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 1009 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 1046 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 1309 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 1403 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 1518 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 802 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1095 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 702 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 24230 | Morohashi |
| 1183 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 4008 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 695 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 750 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 1571 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
Jōyō kanji, taught in junior high
JLPT level N2
1101 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 硬 【コウ】 hardness
- 硬貨 【コウカ】 coin, hard currency
- 生硬 【セイコウ】 crude, immature, unpolished
- 重硬 【ジュウコウ】 heavy and hard (of a wood)
Kun reading compounds
- 硬い 【かたい】 hard, solid, tough, stiff, tight, wooden, unpolished (e.g. writing), strong, firm (not viscous or easily moved), safe, steady, honest, steadfast, obstinate, stubborn, bookish, formal, stuffy
- かたいことは言いっこなし 【かたいことはいいっこなし】 let's put formalities aside, let's not speak so stiffly
Readings
- Korean:
- gyeong
Spanish
- rígido
- duro
- firme
Portuguese
- duro
- rígido
French
- dur
- raide
| 3366 | 2001 Kanji |
| 5a7.1 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 1-5-7 | SKIP code |
| 1164.6 | Four corner code |
| 1-25-37 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 786c | Unicode hex code |
membrane
- On:
- マク
Jōyō kanji, taught in junior high
JLPT level N1
1804 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 膜 【マク】 membrane, film
- 膜厚 【マクアツ】 film thickness, coating thickness
- 角膜 【カクマク】 cornea
- 網膜 【モウマク】 retina
Readings
- Korean:
- mag, mo
Spanish
- membrana
Portuguese
- membrana
French
- membrane
| 1834 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 1897 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 3803 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 1379 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 1681 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 1426 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 1515 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 1546 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 1042 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 1345 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 728 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 974 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 238 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 29808P | Morohashi |
| 1062 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 4854 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 233 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 248 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 1708 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 3963 | 2001 Kanji |
| 4b10.6 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 1-4-10 | SKIP code |
| 7423.4 | Four corner code |
| 1-43-76 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 819c | Unicode hex code |