| 37 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 53 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 65 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 266 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 3095 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 79 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 73 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 216 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 2.2 | Japanese for Busy People |
| 205 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 205 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 44 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 1362 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 4305 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2175 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2929 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 37 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 22678 | Morohashi |
| 3493 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 3863 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 37 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 37 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 242 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 46 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
白
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 1
JLPT level N5
483 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 白 【ハク】 white, striped mullet fry (Mugil cephalus), (spoken) line (in a play, film, etc.), one's lines, white dragon tile, winning hand with a pung (or kong) of white dragon tiles, Belgium, white person, Caucasian
- 白衣 【ハクイ】 white clothes, white robe, white gown (worn by doctors, chemists, etc.), commoner without rank (in ancient China), layperson
- 美白 【ビハク】 beautifully white (esp. of skin), whitening (of skin, teeth, etc.)
- 漂白 【ヒョウハク】 blanching, bleaching
- 白衣 【ハクイ】 white clothes, white robe, white gown (worn by doctors, chemists, etc.), commoner without rank (in ancient China), layperson
- 白夜 【ビャクヤ】 night under the midnight sun, white night (at extreme latitudes), night during which the sun doesn't set
- 敬白 【ケイハク】 yours sincerely, sincerely yours, yours truly
- 恐惶敬白 【キョウコウケイハク】 very truly yours, very respectfully yours
Kun reading compounds
- 白 【しろ】 white, innocence, innocent person, blank space, white stone, white dragon tile, skewered grilled pig intestine
- 白い 【しろい】 white
- 面白 【おもしろ】 amusing, funny, interesting
- 蘿蔔 【すずしろ】 daikon (variety of large white Oriental radish, Raphanus sativus var. longipinnatus)
- 白い 【しろい】 white
- 白色 【しろいろ】 white
Readings
- Japanese names:
- あき、 か、 はっ
- Korean:
- baeg, bae
Spanish
- blanco
Portuguese
- branco
French
- blanc
| 878 | 2001 Kanji |
| 4c1.3 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 4-5-2 | SKIP code |
| 2600.0 | Four corner code |
| 1-39-82 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 767d | Unicode hex code |
grace, kindness, goodness, favor, mercy, blessing, benefit
- On:
- オン
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 6
JLPT level N1
1418 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 恩 【オン】 favour, favor, obligation, debt of gratitude
- 恩返し 【オンガエシ】 paying back a favour, repayment (of an obligation, kindness, etc.)
- 迎恩 【ゲイオン】 welcoming reception
- 聖恩 【セイオン】 imperial blessings or favor (favour)
Readings
- Japanese names:
- めぐみ
- Korean:
- eun
Spanish
- gracia
- bondad
- favor
- bendición
- compasión
Portuguese
- graça
- gentileza
- bondade
- favor
- misericórdia
- benção
- benefício
French
- faveur
- gentillesse
- bonté
- pitié
- grâce
- bénédiction
- bienfait
| 558 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 654 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 624 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 1353 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 1684 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 668 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 1294 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 1225 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 555 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 564 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 757 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 779 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 3289 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1700 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2311 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 613 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 10591 | Morohashi |
| 2655 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1851 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 606 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 652 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 709 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 1458 | 2001 Kanji |
| 4k6.23 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 2-6-4 | SKIP code |
| 6033.0 | Four corner code |
| 1-18-24 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 6069 | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in junior high
JLPT level N1
1431 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 培養 【バイヨウ】 culture, cultivation, cultivation (of plants), growing, raising, cultivation (e.g. of a skill), nurture (of democracy, national power, etc.), growth
- 培植 【バイショク】 cultivation (of plants), culturing
- 育成栽培 【イクセイサイバイ】 vegetable and fruit growing
- 促成栽培 【ソクセイサイバイ】 forcing (plants, vegetables, etc.), artificially hastening the growth of plants (by controlling heat, light, etc.)
Kun reading compounds
- 培う 【つちかう】 to cultivate, to foster
Readings
- Korean:
- bae, bu
Spanish
- cultivo
- fomento
- cultivar
- fomentar
Portuguese
- cultivar
- alimentar
French
- culture (plantes)
- entretenir
| 1690 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 1615 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 1091 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 1492 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 1153 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 1291 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 1828 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 1977 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 1640 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 377 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 558 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 340 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 420 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 488 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 5195 | Morohashi |
| 464 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1032 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 477 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 516 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 1419 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 1477 | 2001 Kanji |
| 3b8.6 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 1-3-8 | SKIP code |
| 4016.1 | Four corner code |
| 1-39-61 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 57f9 | Unicode hex code |