Jisho

Well, there are no hard rules, so to answer your question: no, there isn't one easy way to get to the other verb. But, there are several patterns. Check out https://www.sljfaq.org/afaq/jitadoushi.html (and also check out the rest of this website if you haven't yet) for a general overview table that has the most common verbs and then take a look at http://learnjapaneseonline.info/2016/12/27/mastering-transitivity-pairs-remembering-japanese-transitive-and-intransitive-verbs-the-easy-way/ this website has some tips that can help you with getting familiar with these pairs.

Thanks, I'll check those resources.
Wouldn't it make sense for jisho.org to point to the respective counterpart in a pair? E.g. in entry 割る something like "See also: 割れる". Or is that not possible since the information comes from other databases?

There's nothing stopping the creator from adding something like that himself from a technical standpoint. I just doubt he would find manually categorizing thousands of verbs and linking them up to be an effective use of time. Sure, anyone can think of a handful of examples off the top of their head, but actually linking up everything definitively would be a massive undertaking.

We're discussing making changes to how we do cross-references on the JMdict Gtihub: https://github.com/JMdictProject/JMdictIssues/issues/39

I've added a link to your message in that thread.