| 1529 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 1630 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 5064 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 1352 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 1892 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 2694 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 948 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 978 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 1689 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 1868 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 3491 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1801 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2451 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 433 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 42363 | Morohashi |
| 2815 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 6542 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 426 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 455 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 1888 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
Jōyō kanji, taught in junior high
JLPT level N1
2151 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 霜害 【ソウガイ】 frost damage
- 霜剣 【ソウケン】 cold sharp sword, blade of ice
- 星霜 【セイソウ】 years, time
- 幾星霜 【イクセイソウ】 many months and years
Kun reading compounds
- 霜 【しも】 frost, white hair, grey hair, gray hair
- 霜降り 【しもふり】 speckled with white, salt-and-pepper (pattern, fabric, etc.), marbling (of beef), (of fish, chicken, shellfish, etc.) blanching by exposure to boiling and then icy water, formation of frost
- 秋霜 【しゅうそう】 autumn frost, fall frost, harshness, strictness, rigour, white hair, grey hair, sharp sword
- 朝霜 【あさしも】 morning frost
Readings
- Korean:
- sang
Spanish
- escarcha
- blanco
- tiempo
Portuguese
- geada
French
- gel
- givre
| 3179 | 2001 Kanji |
| 8d9.2 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 2-8-9 | SKIP code |
| 1096.1 | Four corner code |
| 1096.3 | Four corner code |
| 1-33-90 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 971c | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 3
JLPT level N2
1119 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 柱 【チュウ】 bridge (of a koto, etc.), cylinder, prism
- 柱穴 【チュウケツ】 posthole (archaeology)
- 支柱 【シチュウ】 prop, stay, support, brace, fulcrum
- 氷柱 【ツララ】 icicle, ice pillar (for cooling a room), ice
Kun reading compounds
- 柱 【はしら】 pillar, post, support, prop, mainstay, counter for buddhas, gods, nobles, etc.
- 柱穴 【ちゅうけつ】 posthole (archaeology)
- 杖柱 【つえはしら】 person upon whom one relies
- 心の柱 【しんのはしら】 central pillar of a pagoda
Readings
- Korean:
- ju
Spanish
- pilar
- columna
- poste
Portuguese
- pilar
- poste
- cilindro
- apoio
French
- poteau
- cylindre
- support
| 278 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 366 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 345 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 1385 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 2236 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 826 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 629 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 854 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 598 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 608 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 990 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 1084 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 1109 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 603 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 797 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 274 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 14660 | Morohashi |
| 896 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2631 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 268 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 286 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 338 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 1872 | 2001 Kanji |
| 4a5.12 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 1-4-5 | SKIP code |
| 4091.4 | Four corner code |
| 1-35-76 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 67f1 | Unicode hex code |