| 116 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 189 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 173 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 25 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 4938 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 155 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 95 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 939 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 2.20 | Japanese for Busy People |
| 95 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 95 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 89 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 1837 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 3163 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1626 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2212 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 1939 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 41100 | Morohashi |
| 2556 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 6379 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 1920 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 2070 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 90 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 161 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 2
JLPT level N5
12 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 長 【チョウ】 head, chief, leader, elder, merit, strong point, superiority, major
- 長官 【チョウカン】 secretary (government), director, chief
- 体長 【タイチョウ】 length (of an animal), body length
- 医長 【イチョウ】 medical director, chief physician
Kun reading compounds
- 長い 【ながい】 long (distance, length), long (time), protracted, prolonged
- 長居 【ながい】 long visit, overstaying
- 長 【おさ】 head, chief, leader, the greatest (of all the ...)
- 【オサガメ】 leatherback turtle (Dermochelys coriacea)
- 田長 【たおさ】 master of the rice field, chief farmer, lesser cuckoo (Cuculus poliocephalus)
- 死出田長 【しでたおさ】 lesser cuckoo (Cuculus poliocephalus)
Readings
- Japanese names:
- お、 おしゃ、 たかし、 たけ、 な、 は、 ひさ
- Korean:
- jang
Spanish
- largo
- jefe
- sobresaliente
Portuguese
- Longo
- ambicionar
- líder
- chefe
French
- long
- chef
| 3465 | 2001 Kanji |
| 0a8.2 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 2-5-3 | SKIP code |
| 4-8-1 | SKIP code |
| 7173.2 | Four corner code |
| 1-36-25 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 9577 | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 2
JLPT level N2
508 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 谷底平野 【コクテイヘイヤ】 valley plain
- 渓谷 【ケイコク】 valley (with a river running through it), gorge, ravine, canyon
- 盤谷 【バンコク】 Bangkok (Thailand)
Kun reading compounds
- 谷 【たに】 valley
- 谷間 【たにま】 valley, ravine, gorge, chasm, cleavage (of breasts), part or place that has been left behind, blind spot, bottom (of society), (economic) trough, gap (in activity, one's work, etc.), lull, opening
- 死の谷 【しのたに】 valley of death (barrier between product development and commercialization stages)
- 気圧の谷 【きあつのたに】 low pressure trough
- 極まる 【きわまる】 to reach an extreme, to reach a limit, to terminate, to come to an end, extremely, to be stuck, to be in a dilemma, to be at a loss, to be decided, to be settled
Readings
- Japanese names:
- がい、 がえ、 がや、 せ、 たり、 たん、 や
- Korean:
- gog, yog
Spanish
- valle
Portuguese
- vale
French
- vallée
| 78 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 135 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 122 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 249 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 4458 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 528 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 914 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 449 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 653 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 664 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 458 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 1714 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 2536 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1290 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1758 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 796 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 36182 | Morohashi |
| 2043 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 5730 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 788 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 851 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 143 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 2077 | 2001 Kanji |
| 2o5.3 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 2-2-5 | SKIP code |
| 8060.8 | Four corner code |
| 1-35-11 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 8c37 | Unicode hex code |
public chamber, hall
- On:
- ドウ
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 5
JLPT level N4
1010 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 堂 【ドウ】 temple, shrine, chapel, hall, company, front room
- 堂々 【ドウドウ】 magnificent, grand, impressive, dignified, majestic, imposing, stately, fair, square, open, unashamed, brazen, grandly, boldly, confidently, fairly, squarely, unreservedly, brazenly
- 殿堂 【デンドウ】 palace, hall, shrine, temple, sanctuary, hall of fame
- 議事堂 【ギジドウ】 assembly hall, parliament house, diet building, capitol, houses of parliament, congress hall
Readings
- Korean:
- dang
Spanish
- templo
- salón
- vestíbulo
Portuguese
- câmara pública
- corredor
French
- édifice public
- temple
- salle
- hall
- grandiose (bâtiment)
| 486 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 584 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 557 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 662 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 1365 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 358 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 144 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 1462 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 2.6 | Japanese for Busy People |
| 496 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 505 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 709 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 355 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 3202 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1656 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2246 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 806 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 5207 | Morohashi |
| 2589 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1037 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 798 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 861 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 573 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 1072 | 2001 Kanji |
| 3n8.4 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 2-5-6 | SKIP code |
| 9010.4 | Four corner code |
| 1-38-18 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 5802 | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 6
JLPT level N2
795 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 城 【ジョウ】 castle (in place names), castle, fortress
- 城内 【ジョウナイ】 inside of a castle, area surrounded by castle walls
- 荒城 【コウジョウ】 ruined castle
- 開城 【カイジョウ】 surrender of a castle, surrender of a fortress, capitulation of a stronghold
- 傾城 【ケイセイ】 beauty, siren, courtesan, prostitute
- 傾国傾城 【ケイコクケイセイ】 woman so glamorous as to bring ruin to a country (castle) as its king (lord) is captivated by her beauty, femme fatale
Kun reading compounds
- 城 【しろ】 castle
- 城跡 【しろあと】 castle site, ruins of a castle
- ハウルの動く城 【ハウルのうごくしろ】 Howl's Moving Castle (2004 animated film)
- 砂の城 【すなのしろ】 sandcastle, sand castle
Readings
- Japanese names:
- いく、 がき、 き、 くに、 ぐしく、 ぐすく、 しき、 すく、 ぜい、 たち、 なり
- Korean:
- seong
Spanish
- castillo
Portuguese
- Castelo
French
- château
| 914 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 903 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 638 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 1078 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 886 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 433 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 796 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 720 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 733 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 942 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 374 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 417 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 261 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 312 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 368 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 5086P | Morohashi |
| 352 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1011 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 362 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 387 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 884 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 1459 | 2001 Kanji |
| 3b6.1 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 1-3-6 | SKIP code |
| 4315.0 | Four corner code |
| 1-30-75 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 57ce | Unicode hex code |