Jisho

×

論

15 strokes
Radical:
speech 言 (訁)
Parts:
一 ｜ 个 廾 冊 言
argument, discourse
Kun:
あげつら.う
On:
ロン
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 6
JLPT level N3
227 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers

Speed

Stroke order

On reading compounds

  • 論 【ロン】 argument, discussion, dispute, controversy, discourse, debate, theory (e.g. of evolution), doctrine, essay, treatise, comment
  • 論客 【ロンキャク】 controversialist, polemic, disputant
  • 公論 【コウロン】 public opinion, unbiased criticism, unbiassed criticism
  • 対論 【タイロン】 arguing face to face

Kun reading compounds

  • 論う 【あげつらう】 to discuss, to find fault with, to criticize, to criticise

Readings

Mandarin Chinese (pinyin):
lun4, lun2
Korean:
ron, yun

Spanish

  • teoría
  • argumento
  • discurso

Portuguese

  • argumento
  • discurso

French

  • argumentation
  • discours
881 A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade)
1006 A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot)
996 A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall)
267 A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage
4391 Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson)
406 Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill)
908 Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki)
2320 Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill)
293 Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky)
293 Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky)
496 Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono)
1700 Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide
1981 Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
1058 Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
1424 Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern)
1837 Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette)
35658 Morohashi
1574 New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
5646 New Nelson (John Haig)
1820 Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig)
1961 Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig)
110 The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley)
989 Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask)
3053 2001 Kanji
7a8.13 The Kanji Dictionary
1-7-8 SKIP code
0862.7 Four corner code
1-47-32 JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code
8ad6 Unicode hex code

理

11 strokes
Radical:
jade (king) 玉 (王)
Parts:
王 里
logic, arrangement, reason, justice, truth
Kun:
ことわり
On:
リ
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 2
JLPT level N4
86 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers

Speed

Stroke order

On reading compounds

  • 理 【リ】 reason, principle, logic, general principle (as opposed to individual concrete phenomenon), the underlying principles of the cosmos (in neo-Confucianism)
  • 理科 【リカ】 science (inc. mathematics, medicine, etc.), natural science, science department (university), science course, science (as a school subject)
  • 合理 【ゴウリ】 rationality
  • 経理 【ケイリ】 accounting, administration (of money)

Kun reading compounds

  • 理 【ことわり】 reason, logic, sense, natural way of things

Readings

Japanese names:
あや、 おさむ、 さと、 さとる、 ただ、 ただし、 とおる、 に、 のり、 ひ、 まこと、 まさ、 まさし、 まろ、 みち、 よし
Mandarin Chinese (pinyin):
li3
Korean:
ri

Spanish

  • lógica
  • razón
  • preparar

Portuguese

  • lógica
  • arranjo
  • razão
  • justiça
  • verdade

French

  • logique
  • principe
  • raison
  • justice
  • vérité
333 A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade)
239 A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot)
220 A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall)
95 A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage
2942 Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson)
104 Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill)
217 Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki)
1361 Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill)
3.17 Japanese for Busy People
143 Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky)
143 Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky)
241 Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono)
1321 Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide
1220 Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
659 Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
881 Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern)
271 Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette)
21014 Morohashi
970 New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
3644 New Nelson (John Haig)
265 Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig)
283 Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig)
59 The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley)
212 Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask)
3172 2001 Kanji
4f7.1 The Kanji Dictionary
1-4-7 SKIP code
1611.4 Four corner code
1-45-93 JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code
7406 Unicode hex code

制

8 strokes
Radical:
knife, sword 刀 (刂)
Parts:
ノ 二 刈 巾 牛
system, law, rule
On:
セイ
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 5
JLPT level N3
108 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers

Speed

Stroke order

On reading compounds

  • 制 【セイ】 system, organization, organisation, imperial command, laws, regulation, control, government, suppression, restraint, holding back, establishment
  • 制圧 【セイアツ】 gaining total control (of people or counties), suppression, oppression, control, mastery, ascendancy, supremacy
  • 天皇制 【テンノウセイ】 the Emperor System
  • 帝政 【テイセイ】 imperial government, imperialism, monarchical rule

Readings

Mandarin Chinese (pinyin):
zhi4
Korean:
je

Spanish

  • determinar
  • establecer
  • comprobar
  • cesar
  • poner fin
  • sistema
  • construir

Portuguese

  • sistema
  • lei
  • regra

French

  • système
  • règle
  • loi
  • régime
  • contrôle
823 A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade)
744 A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot)
722 A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall)
196 A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage
683 Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson)
635 Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill)
357 Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki)
656 Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill)
427 Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky)
433 Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky)
687 Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono)
193 Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide
1624 Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
854 Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
1170 Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern)
425 Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette)
1961 Morohashi
1274 New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
481 New Nelson (John Haig)
418 Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig)
447 Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig)
161 The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley)
689 Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask)
2443 2001 Kanji
2f6.1 The Kanji Dictionary
1-6-2 SKIP code
2220.0 Four corner code
1-32-09 JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code
5236 Unicode hex code

御

12 strokes
Radical:
step 彳
Parts:
ノ 卩 彳 止 乞
honorable, manipulate, govern
Kun:
おん-、 お-、 み-
On:
ギョ、 ゴ
Jōyō kanji, taught in junior high
JLPT level N3
1087 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers

Speed

Stroke order

On reading compounds

  • 御 【ギョ】 honorific affix, honorific prefix
  • 御苑 【ギョエン】 imperial garden
  • 自動制御 【ジドウセイギョ】 automatic control
  • ファジィ制御 【ファジィセイギョ】 fuzzy control
  • 御 【ゴ】 honorific/polite/humble prefix, honorific suffix
  • 御所 【ゴショ】 imperial palace (esp. Kyoto Imperial Palace), imperial residence, residence of a shogun, minister, etc., emperor, ex-emperor, empress, imperial prince, shogun, minister
  • 甥御 【オイゴ】 (another person's) nephew
  • 大御 【オオイゴ】 older lady

Readings

Japanese names:
う
Mandarin Chinese (pinyin):
yu4
Korean:
eo, a

Spanish

  • prefijo honorífico
  • manipular
  • gobernar

Portuguese

  • honrado
  • manipular
  • governar

French

  • honorable
  • diriger
  • contrôler
1158 A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall)
620 A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage
1628 Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson)
924 Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill)
524 Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki)
1572 Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill)
708 Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky)
721 Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky)
919 Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono)
632 Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide
703 Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
422 Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
529 Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern)
1410 Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette)
10157X Morohashi
577 New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
1761 New Nelson (John Haig)
1398 Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig)
1500 Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig)
371 The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley)
1530 Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask)
2044 2001 Kanji
3i9.1 The Kanji Dictionary
1-3-9 SKIP code
2722.0 Four corner code
1-24-70 JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code
5fa1 Unicode hex code

副

11 strokes
Radical:
knife, sword 刀 (刂)
Parts:
一 刈 口 田
vice-, assistant, aide, duplicate, copy
On:
フク
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 4
JLPT level N2
360 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers

Speed

Stroke order

On reading compounds

  • 副 【フク】 assistant, associate, vice-, sub-, deputy, substitute, auxiliary, supplementary, additional, collateral, duplicate, copy, adverb
  • 副作用 【フクサヨウ】 side effect, adverse reaction
  • 正副 【セイフク】 original and copy (of a document), principal and vice- (e.g. chairman and vice-chairman)
  • 関副 【カンフク】 relative adverb

Readings

Japanese names:
そい、 そえ
Mandarin Chinese (pinyin):
fu4
Korean:
bu, bog

Spanish

  • vice-
  • duplicado
  • copia

Portuguese

  • vice-
  • duplicar
  • cópia

French

  • vice-
  • copie
  • duplicata
709 A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade)
604 A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot)
576 A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall)
681 A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage
699 Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson)
772 Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill)
363 Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki)
1428 Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill)
714 Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky)
727 Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky)
898 Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono)
203 Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide
2230 Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
1161 Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
1581 Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern)
90 Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette)
2097 Morohashi
1776 New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
503 New Nelson (John Haig)
89 Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig)
93 Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig)
577 Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask)
3043 2001 Kanji
2f9.2 The Kanji Dictionary
1-9-2 SKIP code
1260.0 Four corner code
1-41-91 JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code
526f Unicode hex code

層

14 strokes
Radical:
corpse 尸
Parts:
并 尸 日 田
Variants:
層
stratum, social class, layer, story, floor
On:
ソウ
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 6
JLPT level N2
801 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers

Speed

Stroke order

On reading compounds

  • 層 【ソウ】 layer, stratum, seam, bed, class, stratum, bracket, group, sheaf, counter for stories (of a building)
  • 層群 【ソウグン】 (geol) group
  • 重層 【ジュウソウ】 multistoried, multilayered
  • 高層 【コウソウ】 high-rise (building), multistory, multistoried, tall, high (altitude), upper (atmosphere, air current, etc.)

Readings

Mandarin Chinese (pinyin):
ceng2
Korean:
cheung

Spanish

  • estrato
  • nivel

Portuguese

  • estrato
  • classe social
  • camada
  • estória
  • andar

French

  • strate
  • classe sociale
  • couche
  • étage
934 A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot)
921 A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall)
893 A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage
1402 Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson)
1183 Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill)
486 Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki)
1367 Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky)
1454 Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky)
1725 Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono)
533 Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide
3920 Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
2021 Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
2728 Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern)
1074 Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette)
7798X Morohashi
3161 New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern)
1432 New Nelson (John Haig)
1065 Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig)
1146 Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig)
977 Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask)
3778 2001 Kanji
3r11.2 The Kanji Dictionary
3-3-11 SKIP code
7726.6 Four corner code
1-33-56 JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code
5c64 Unicode hex code