| 785 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 701 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 675 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 446 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 2343 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 455 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 640 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 1010 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 1048 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 991 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 1108 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 1325 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 719 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 962 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 1835 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 15317X | Morohashi |
| 1049 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2823 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 1818 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 1959 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 498 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 788 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 5
JLPT level N3
316 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 構成 【コウセイ】 composition, construction, formation, makeup, structure, organization, organisation
- 構図 【コウズ】 composition (of painting), structural outline, compositional arrangement
- 遺構 【イコウ】 (archaeological) remains, remnants (of ancient structures), ancient foundation
- 外構え 【ソトガマエ】 outward appearance (of a house), exterior, external structure (of a building; e.g. gate, fence, garage), exterior structure
Kun reading compounds
- 構える 【かまえる】 to set up (a house, store, etc.), to build, to establish, to run, to maintain, to have at the ready (e.g. a gun), to hold in preparation (e.g. a camera), to prepare in advance (e.g. a meal), to adopt a posture, to assume a stance, to stand ready, to be poised for, to put on an air, to assume an attitude, to stiffen, to tense up, to become formal, to fabricate in order to deceive, to make up, to feign, to plan, to scheme
- 構う 【かまう】 to mind, to care about, to be concerned about, to have a regard for, to be an issue, to matter, to create inconvenience, to keep company, to care for, to look after, to entertain, to pay attention to, to spend time with, to interfere with, to meddle in, to tease, to banish, to prohibit
- 構うものか 【かまうものか】 who cares?, I don't give a damn, what does it matter?
Readings
- Japanese names:
- とち
- Korean:
- gu
Spanish
- construir
- ensamblar
- preparación
- preocupación
- establecerse
- montar
- poner
- interesarse por
- preocuparse por
Portuguese
- postura
- construção
- fingir
French
- structure
- concerné
- préoccupé
- construire
- position
| 1847 | 2001 Kanji |
| 4a10.10 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 1-4-10 | SKIP code |
| 4594.7 | Four corner code |
| 1-25-29 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 69cb | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 5
JLPT level N2
429 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 造語 【ゾウゴ】 coinage, invention of a new word, coined word
- 造形 【ゾウケイ】 molding, moulding, shaping, forming, modelling (i.e. plastic arts), modeling
- 変造 【ヘンゾウ】 alteration, defacement, debasement, falsification, forgery
- 捏造 【ネツゾウ】 fabrication, forgery, falsehood, hoax
Kun reading compounds
- 作る 【つくる】 to make, to produce, to manufacture, to build, to construct, to prepare (food), to brew (alcohol), to raise, to grow, to cultivate, to train, to till, to draw up (a document), to make out, to prepare, to write, to create (an artistic work, etc.), to compose, to coin (a phrase), to organize, to organise, to establish, to found, to have (a child), to make up (one's face, etc.), to fabricate (an excuse, etc.), to give a (false) appearance, to feign (a smile, etc.), to put on a show of emotion, to form (a line, etc.), to set (a record), to commit (a sin, etc.)
- 作り 【つくり】 making, producing, manufacturing, building, construction, make, structure, appearance (attire, make-up, etc.), build, physique, sashimi, forced (smile, etc.)
- 作り上げる 【つくりあげる】 to build up, to complete, to construct, to create, to put together, to make up, to fabricate, to invent, to cook up
- 塚造 【つかつくり】 megapode (any bird of family Megapodiidae, incl. brush turkeys and mallee fowl), mound builder
Readings
- Japanese names:
- ずくり、 づくり、 み
- Korean:
- jo
Spanish
- edificio
- crear
- construir
Portuguese
- criar
- fazer
- estrutura
- psique
French
- créer
- fabriquer
- structure
- physique
- maquillage
| 662 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 761 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 739 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 460 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 4701 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 551 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 959 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 1236 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 691 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 704 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 965 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 692 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 3856 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1983 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2679 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 287 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 38898P | Morohashi |
| 3110 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 6061 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 281 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 299 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 441 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 717 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 2477 | 2001 Kanji |
| 2q7.11 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 3-3-7 | SKIP code |
| 3430.6 | Four corner code |
| 1-34-04 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 9020 | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 5
JLPT level N1
146 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 保育 【ホイク】 nurturing, rearing, childcare, day care, nursing, suckling
- 保安 【ホアン】 peace preservation, security, safety
- 留保 【リュウホ】 reserving, withholding
- 生保 【セイホ】 life insurance, livelihood protection, public assistance, welfare
- 保する 【ホスル】 to guarantee
- 保安 【ホウアン】 Hōan era (1120.4.10-1124.4.3)
- 永保 【エイホウ】 Eihō era (1081.2.10-1084.2.7), Eiho era
- 太保 【タイホウ】 Grand Protector (lowest of the top three civil positions of the Zhou dynasty), Minister of the Right (official in Nara and Heian periods)
Kun reading compounds
- 保つ 【たもつ】 to keep, to preserve, to hold, to retain, to maintain, to sustain, to last, to endure, to keep well (food), to wear well, to be durable
Readings
- Japanese names:
- う、 お、 ぶ、 もり、 やす、 やすし
- Korean:
- bo
Spanish
- garantizar
- mantener
- preservar
- proteger
- apoyar
Portuguese
- proteger garantia
- guarda
- preservar
- sustentar
- apoiar
French
- protéger
- garantir
- garder
- préserver
- conserver
- soutenir
| 716 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 808 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 787 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 166 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 455 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 351 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 319 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 781 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 489 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 498 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 665 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 102 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 107 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 72 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 77 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 1006 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 702 | Morohashi |
| 96 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 222 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 997 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 1072 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 163 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 705 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 2164 | 2001 Kanji |
| 2a7.11 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 1-2-7 | SKIP code |
| 2629.4 | Four corner code |
| 1-42-61 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 4fdd | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 3
JLPT level N4
119 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 持 【ジ】 draw (in go, poetry contest, etc.), tie
- 持久 【ジキュウ】 endurance, persistence
- 堅持 【ケンジ】 holding on to, sticking to
- 護持 【ゴジ】 defend and maintain, support, protection
Kun reading compounds
- 持つ 【もつ】 to hold (in one's hand), to take, to carry, to possess, to have, to own, to maintain, to keep, to last, to be durable, to keep, to survive, to take charge of, to be in charge of, to hold (meeting, etc.), to have (opportunity, etc.), to have "it", to have that special something, to be blessed with good luck
- 持子 【もつご】 stone moroko (Pseudorasbora parva), topmouth gudgeon
- 持てる 【もてる】 to be able to possess (hold, get, etc.), to be well liked, to be popular, to be pampered (spoiled, doted upon, etc.), to be welcomed, to endure (the tests of time, the elements, etc.), to last, possessed, held, rich, wealthy, affluent
- 持てる者 【もてるもの】 (the) haves, those who have
Readings
- Japanese names:
- もち、 もつ
- Korean:
- ji
Spanish
- duración
- propiedad
- cargo
- sostener
- mantener
Portuguese
- segurar
- ter
French
- avoir
- tenir
| 231 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 310 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 294 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 184 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 1903 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 50 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 178 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 801 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 2.15 | Japanese for Busy People |
| 451 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 458 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 142 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 889 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 447 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 275 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 333 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 667 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 12019 | Morohashi |
| 374 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2151 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 660 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 712 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 94 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 328 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 1348 | 2001 Kanji |
| 3c6.8 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 1-3-6 | SKIP code |
| 5404.1 | Four corner code |
| 1-27-93 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 6301 | Unicode hex code |