| 213 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 294 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 278 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 217 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 101 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 215 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 402 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 312 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 199 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 199 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 557 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 319 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 3790 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1934 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2627 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 186 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 3301 | Morohashi |
| 3052 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 712 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 183 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 195 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 192 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 266 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
yonder, facing, beyond, confront, defy, tend toward, approach
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 3
JLPT level N3
182 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 向上 【コウジョウ】 elevation, rise, improvement, advancement, progress
- 向後 【コウゴ】 hereafter
- 趣向 【シュコウ】 plan, idea, design, plot, taste, liking, preference
- 性向 【セイコウ】 inclination, tendency, nature, character
Kun reading compounds
- 向く 【むく】 to turn toward, to look (up, down, etc.), to face (e.g. east) (of a building, window, etc.), to look out on, to front (on), to point (of an arrow, compass needle, etc.), to be suited to, to be fit for, to go towards, to turn to (of one's interests, feelings, etc.), to be inclined (to do)
- 向いている 【むいている】 to be cut out for (e.g. a job), to be suited (to)
- 向ける 【むける】 to turn (towards), to face, to point, to aim, to direct to, to head to, to go towards, to allot, to allocate, to send, to dispatch (e.g. a person), to aim for, to pursue
- 向かう 【むかう】 to face, to go towards, to head towards
- 向かうところ敵無し 【むかうところてきなし】 unbeatable, invincible, irresistible
- 向い 【むかい】 facing, opposite, across the street, other side
- 向かい合う 【むかいあう】 to be opposite, to face each other
- 向こう 【むこう】 opposite side, other side, opposite direction, over there, that way, far away, beyond, the other party, the other person, future (starting now)
- 向こう側 【むこうがわ】 other side, opposite side, other party
- 向こう 【むこう】 opposite side, other side, opposite direction, over there, that way, far away, beyond, the other party, the other person, future (starting now)
- 向こう側 【むこうがわ】 other side, opposite side, other party
- 向い 【むかい】 facing, opposite, across the street, other side
- 向かい合う 【むかいあう】 to be opposite, to face each other
Readings
- Japanese names:
- こお、 た、 な、 むか、 むかい、 むこう
- Korean:
- hyang, sang
Spanish
- mirar hacia
- volverse
- hacer frente
- oponerse
Portuguese
- Aquele lá
- em frente
- além de
- confronta
- desafia
- tende para
- aproximação
French
- se diriger vers
- direction
- en face
- de l'autre côté
- éloigné
- confronter
- défier
- approcher
- avoir tendance
| 849 | 2001 Kanji |
| 3d3.10 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 3-3-3 | SKIP code |
| 2722.0 | Four corner code |
| 1-24-94 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 5411 | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 3
JLPT level N3
1456 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 寒 【カン】 midwinter, cold season, coldest days of the year
- 寒気 【サムケ】 chill, the shivers, shivering fit, cold, coldness, cold air
- 悪寒 【オカン】 chill, shakes, ague
- 防寒 【ボウカン】 protection against cold
Kun reading compounds
- 寒い 【さむい】 cold (e.g. weather), uninteresting (esp. joke), lame, dull, weak, corny
Readings
- Japanese names:
- さ、 さん
- Korean:
- han
Spanish
- frío
- desolado
Portuguese
- Frio
French
- froid (temps)
| 175 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 263 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 245 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 1195 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 1322 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 831 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 159 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 1714 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 457 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 464 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 120 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 490 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 2894 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1490 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2011 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 1540 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 7239X | Morohashi |
| 2311 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1350 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 1526 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 1645 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 393 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 740 | 2001 Kanji |
| 3m9.3 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 2-3-9 | SKIP code |
| 3030.3 | Four corner code |
| 1-20-08 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 5bd2 | Unicode hex code |