535 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
634 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
604 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
607 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
642 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
792 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
348 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
349 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
832 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
851 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
662 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
166 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
88 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
57 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
61 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
1416 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
1622 | Morohashi |
80 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
419 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
1404 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
1506 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
493 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 4
JLPT level N3
667 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 冷 【レイ】 refrigerator, cold, cool, cold sake
- 冷夏 【レイカ】 cool summer, cold summer, cooler-than-normal summer
- 寒冷 【カンレイ】 cold, coldness, chilliness
- 空冷 【クウレイ】 air cooling
Kun reading compounds
- 冷たい 【つめたい】 cold (to the touch), chilly, icy, freezing, (emotionally) cold, coldhearted, unfeeling, indifferent, unfriendly, distant
- 冷たい暗黒物質 【つめたいあんこくぶっしつ】 cold dark matter
- 冷える 【ひえる】 to grow cold (from room temperature, e.g. in refrigerator), to get chilly, to cool down
- 冷や 【ひや】 cold water, cold sake, cold, cool, chilled, unheated
- 冷やす 【ひやす】 to cool (from room temperature), to chill, to refrigerate, to calm down, to cool off, to regain one's composure, to relax, to be frightened (at), to be scared (of)
- お冷 【おひや】 cold (drinking) water, (glass of) cold water, cold boiled rice
- 冷ややか 【ひややか】 cold, chilly, cool, cold (attitude, stare, etc.), frigid, indifferent, distant, surly, curt, composed, cool, calm
- 冷やす 【ひやす】 to cool (from room temperature), to chill, to refrigerate, to calm down, to cool off, to regain one's composure, to relax, to be frightened (at), to be scared (of)
- 冷やかす 【ひやかす】 to banter, to make fun of, to jeer at, to cool, to refrigerate, to window-shop, to look at without buying
- 冷める 【さめる】 to cool down, to get cold, to cool off (excitement, temper, etc.), to subside, to dampen, to fade, to wane, to be cold (eyes, expression, etc.), to be composed
- 冷ます 【さます】 to cool (e.g. from a high temperature to room temperature), to let cool, to dampen, to throw a damper on, to spoil
Readings
- Korean:
- raeng
Spanish
- frío
- enfriar
- enfriarse
- helarse
- helar
Portuguese
- fresco
- frio (cerveja
- pessoa)
- calafrio
French
- froid
- fraîche (bière)
- froide (personne)
- refroidir
344 | 2001 Kanji |
2b5.3 | The Kanji Dictionary |
1-2-5 | SKIP code |
3812.7 | Four corner code |
1-46-68 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
51b7 | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in junior high
JLPT level N1
959 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 焼却 【ショウキャク】 incineration, destroy by fire
- 償却 【ショウキャク】 repayment, redemption, depreciation, amortization, amortisation
Kun reading compounds
- 却って 【かえって】 on the contrary, rather, instead, all the more
- 退ける 【しりぞける】 to refuse, to reject, to turn down, to dismiss, to repel, to repulse, to drive away, to beat off, to defeat, to make (someone) leave, to send away, to turn away, to force (someone) to leave their post, to oust, to remove, to expel
Readings
- Korean:
- gag
Spanish
- retirarse
- echarse atrás
- rechazar
Portuguese
- ao invés
- ao contrário
- melhor
French
- au lieu de
- au contraire
- plutôt
1145 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
1252 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
808 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
1680 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
1114 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
1783 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
1915 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
1616 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
252 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
1436 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
761 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
1034 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
1407 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
2856 | Morohashi |
1118 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
631 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
1395 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
1497 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
1101 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
1444 | 2001 Kanji |
2e5.3 | The Kanji Dictionary |
1-5-2 | SKIP code |
4772.0 | Four corner code |
1-21-49 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
5374 | Unicode hex code |
lumber, log, timber, wood, materials, ingredients, talent
- On:
- ザイ
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 4
JLPT level N2
565 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 材 【ザイ】 wood, lumber, timber, (raw) material, stuff, talent, ability, capable person
- 材質 【ザイシツ】 material, material properties, quality of material, quality of wood, quality of lumber
- 器材 【キザイ】 tools and materials, equipment and materials
- 廃材 【ハイザイ】 scrap wood, waste wood, waste, waste material, scrap material
Readings
- Japanese names:
- き、 さい
- Korean:
- jae
Spanish
- talento
- habilidad
- material
- leño
Portuguese
- tábuas
- registro
- pau
- madeira
- talento
French
- matériaux
- ingrédients
- bois de charpente
- bille de bois
- bûche
- talent
403 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
511 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
485 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
590 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
2189 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
284 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
619 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
420 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
552 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
561 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
740 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
1071 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
1031 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
560 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
740 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
690 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
14463 | Morohashi |
836 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
2561 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
683 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
738 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
481 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
1847 | 2001 Kanji |
4a3.7 | The Kanji Dictionary |
1-4-3 | SKIP code |
4490.0 | Four corner code |
1-26-64 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
6750 | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in junior high
JLPT level N1
885 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 喪 【モ】 mourning, calamity, misfortune
- 喪失 【ソウシツ】 loss, forfeit
- 大喪 【タイソウ】 funeral service of a Japanese emperor, Imperial mourning
- 国喪 【コクソウ】 national mourning
Kun reading compounds
- 喪 【も】 mourning, calamity, misfortune
- 喪主 【もしゅ】 chief mourner
- 服喪 【ふくも】 going into mourning
Readings
- Korean:
- sang
Spanish
- perder
- perder a alguien
Portuguese
- perda
- luto
French
- perte
- deuil
1522 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
1614 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
117 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
1572 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
1141 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
1678 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
1793 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
1807 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
332 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
3504 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
1807 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
2459 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
1945 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
3985 | Morohashi |
2825 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
853 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
1926 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
2076 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
1510 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
1465 | 2001 Kanji |
3b9.20 | The Kanji Dictionary |
2-9-3 | SKIP code |
2-2-11 | SKIP code |
4073.2 | Four corner code |
1-33-51 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
55aa | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 4
JLPT level N3
447 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 失 【シツ】 loss (of something), disadvantage, mistake, error, failure, flaw, defect, error
- 失業 【シツギョウ】 unemployment, losing one's job, becoming unemployed
- 得失 【トクシツ】 advantages and disadvantages, plus and minuses
- 敵失 【テキシツ】 error made by the enemy or opposing team
Kun reading compounds
- 失う 【うしなう】 to lose, to miss (a chance, opportunity), to lose (a loved one), to be bereaved of, to concede (goals, points, etc.)
- 失せる 【うせる】 to disappear, to vanish, to fade away, to go, to leave, to die
Readings
- Korean:
- sil
Spanish
- pérdida
- error
- defecto
- fallo
- perder
- malograr
- errar
Portuguese
- erro
- falta
- desvantagem
- perda
French
- perdre
- erreur
- faute
- désavantage
418 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
529 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
501 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
523 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
178 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
238 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
447 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
3.13 | Japanese for Busy People |
311 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
311 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
594 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
413 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
4325 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
2189 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
2947 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
853 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
5844 | Morohashi |
3511 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
1141 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
845 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
908 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
346 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
452 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
2463 | 2001 Kanji |
0a5.28 | The Kanji Dictionary |
4-5-4 | SKIP code |
2503.0 | Four corner code |
1-28-26 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
5931 | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 3
JLPT level N4
18 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 事 【ジ】 individual concrete phenomenon (as opposed to a general principle)
- 事業 【ジギョウ】 business, enterprise, venture, (commercial) activity, (business) operation, industry, (social) project, undertaking, enterprise, work, activity, program, service
- 商事 【ショウジ】 commercial affairs
- 有事 【ユウジ】 emergency
Kun reading compounds
- 事 【こと】 thing, matter, incident, occurrence, event, something serious, trouble, crisis, circumstances, situation, state of affairs, work, business, affair, after an inflectable word, creates a noun phrase indicating something the speaker does not feel close to, nominalizing suffix, pretending to ..., playing make-believe ..., alias, also known as, otherwise known as, or, necessity, need, you should ..., I advise that you ..., it's important to ...
- 事柄 【ことがら】 matter, thing, affair, circumstance
- 神事 【しんじ】 Shinto ritual
- いい事 【いいこと】 good thing, nice thing, good excuse, good grounds, good opportunity, interjection used to impress an idea or to urge a response
- 仕える 【つかえる】 to serve, to work for, to attend
Readings
- Japanese names:
- ろ
- Korean:
- sa
Spanish
- cosa
- hecho
- asunto
- acción
Portuguese
- matéria
- coisa
- fato
- negócios
- razão
- possivelmente
French
- fait
- chose
- matière
- affaire
- raison
- peut-être
230 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
309 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
293 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
32 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
272 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
73 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
108 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
768 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
2.7 | Japanese for Busy People |
80 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
80 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
237 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
30 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
4384 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
2220 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
2986 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
1164 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
241 | Morohashi |
3567 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
71 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
1156 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
1240 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
10 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
300 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
1547 | 2001 Kanji |
0a8.15 | The Kanji Dictionary |
4-8-3 | SKIP code |
5000.7 | Four corner code |
1-27-86 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
4e8b | Unicode hex code |
happenstance, especially, intentionally, reason, cause, circumstances, the late, therefore, consequently
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 5
JLPT level N1
612 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 故 【コ】 the late, the deceased
- 殊更 【コトサラ】 intentionally, deliberately, designedly, on purpose, especially, particularly
- 物故 【ブッコ】 death (of a person)
- 人身事故 【ジンシンジコ】 accident resulting in personal injury or death (esp. traffic, rail, etc.)
Kun reading compounds
- 故 【ゆえ】 reason, cause, circumstances
- 故に 【ゆえに】 therefore, consequently
- 何故 【なにゆえ】 why
- 古い 【ふるい】 old, aged, ancient, antiquated, antique, timeworn, long, since long ago, time-honored, of the distant past, long-ago, stale, threadbare, hackneyed, corny, old-fashioned, outmoded, out-of-date
- 元 【もと】 former, ex-, past, one-time, earlier times, the past, previous state, formerly, previously, originally, before
Readings
- Korean:
- go
Spanish
- antiguo
- intencionadamente
- excepcional
- razón
- difunto
- causa
- circunstancias
Portuguese
- casualidade
- especialmente
- intencionalmente
- razão
- causa
- circunstâncias
- portanto
- consequentemente
French
- coïncidence
- spécialement
- intentionnellement
- raison
- cause
- circonstances
- destin
- feu ... (défunt)
- c'est pour ça que...
778 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
694 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
668 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
455 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
2044 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
707 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
587 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
880 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
173 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
173 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
722 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
936 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
1466 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
778 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
1056 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
339 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
13161 | Morohashi |
1141 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
2334 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
333 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
355 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
697 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
1566 | 2001 Kanji |
4i5.2 | The Kanji Dictionary |
1-5-4 | SKIP code |
4864.0 | Four corner code |
1-24-46 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
6545 | Unicode hex code |