| 442 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 548 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 519 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 632 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 5077 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 703 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 1000 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 2145 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 2.19 | Japanese for Busy People |
| 663 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 674 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 247 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 1872 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 2164 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1138 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1539 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 1554 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 42574P | Morohashi |
| 1728 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 6560 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 1540 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 1660 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 619 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 4
JLPT level N3
764 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 静 【セイ】 stillness, quiet, peacefulness
- 静観 【セイカン】 watchful waiting, careful supervision
- 沈静 【チンセイ】 settling down, quieting down, cooling down, cooling off, stillness, quiet, tranquility
- 寧静 【ネイセイ】 calm, peace, tranquility
- 静脈 【ジョウミャク】 vein
- 静注 【ジョウチュウ】 intravenous injection, IV
- 寂静 【ジャクジョウ】 quiet, stillness, tranquility, enlightenment, nirvana
- 涅槃寂静 【ネハンジャクジョウ】 enlightenment leads to serenity
Kun reading compounds
- 静か 【しずか】 quiet, silent, slow, unhurried, calm, peaceful
- 静かに 【しずかに】 calmly, quietly, gently, peacefully, be quiet!
- 二人静 【ふたりしずか】 Chloranthus serratus (species of flowering plant)
- 一人静 【ひとりしずか】 Chloranthus japonicus
- 静まる 【しずまる】 to become quiet, to quiet down, to quieten down, to calm down, to die down, to subside, to abate, to be suppressed
- 静める 【しずめる】 to quiet (a child, crowd, etc.), to quieten, to make quiet, to calm (one's nerves, excitement, etc.), to compose (oneself), to appease (someone's anger), to pacify, to settle (e.g. discord), to suppress (a rebellion, riot, fire, etc.), to quell, to put down, to get under control, to relieve (a cough, pain, etc.), to soothe, to alleviate, to ease, to appease (a spirit, soul, etc.), to pacify, to soothe
Readings
- Japanese names:
- しづ
- Korean:
- jeong
Spanish
- quieto
- tranquilo
- calmado
- tranquilo [na]
- calmarse
- calmar
Portuguese
- calmo
French
- calme
| 1447 | 2001 Kanji |
| 4b10.9 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 1-8-6 | SKIP code |
| 5725.7 | Four corner code |
| 1-32-37 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 9759 | Unicode hex code |
止
stop, halt
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 2
JLPT level N4
310 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 止血 【シケツ】 stopping of bleeding, stanching, hemostasis, haemostasis
- 止音器 【シオンキ】 (piano) damper
- 抑止 【ヨクシ】 check, checkmate, stave off, control, restraint, inhibit, deterrent, deterrence
- 解止 【カイシ】 termination
Kun reading compounds
- 止まる 【とまる】 to stop (moving), to come to a stop, to stop (doing, working, being supplied), to come to a halt, to cease, to be stopped, to be suspended, to alight, to perch on
- 止める 【とめる】 to stop, to turn off, to park, to prevent, to suppress (a cough), to hold back (tears), to hold (one's breath), to relieve (pain), to stop (someone from doing something), to dissuade, to forbid, to prohibit, to notice, to be aware of, to concentrate on, to pay attention to, to remember, to bear in mind, to fix (in place), to fasten, to tack, to pin, to nail, to button, to staple, to detain, to keep in custody
- 留める 【とどめる】 to stop, to stay (e.g. the night), to cease, to put an end to, to contain, to keep (in position, in place), to limit, to record (e.g. a fact), to retain
- 止め 【とどめ】 finishing blow, coup de grâce
- 留める 【とどめる】 to stop, to stay (e.g. the night), to cease, to put an end to, to contain, to keep (in position, in place), to limit, to record (e.g. a fact), to retain
- 止まる 【とどまる】 to remain, to abide, to stay (in the one place), to be limited to, to be confined to, to only account for
- とどまるところを知らない 【とどまるところをしらない】 knowing no bounds, showing no signs of stopping or slowing down
- 止める 【やめる】 to stop (an activity), to cease, to discontinue, to end, to quit, to cancel, to abandon, to give up, to abolish, to abstain, to refrain
- 止む 【やむ】 to cease, to stop, to be over
- やむを得ない 【やむをえない】 cannot be helped, unavoidable
- 止す 【よす】 to stop (doing), to cease, to desist, to drop, to lay off, to give up, to quit
Readings
- Japanese names:
- どめ
- Korean:
- ji
Spanish
- parar
- cesar
- dejar de hacer
- detenerse
- pararse
- detener
Portuguese
- parada
French
- arrêter
- cesser
| 220 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 143 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 129 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 400 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 2429 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 552 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 202 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 87 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 2.13 | Japanese for Busy People |
| 477 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 485 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 217 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 1127 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 3659 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1868 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2545 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 376 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 16253 | Morohashi |
| 2941 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2954 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 370 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 396 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 415 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 94 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 1273 | 2001 Kanji |
| 2m2.2 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 3-2-2 | SKIP code |
| 4-4-2 | SKIP code |
| 2110.0 | Four corner code |
| 1-27-63 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 6b62 | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in junior high
JLPT level N1
1252 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 摩擦 【マサツ】 friction, rubbing, chafing, discord, friction, strife, conflict
- 摩天楼 【マテンロウ】 skyscraper
- 研磨 【ケンマ】 grinding, polishing, refining (a skill, knowledge, etc.), applying oneself (to study), disciplining oneself
- あん摩 【アンマ】 massage (esp. anma, a traditional form of Japanese massage), masseur, masseuse, massager, blind person
Kun reading compounds
- 摩する 【まする】 to rub, to scrub, to scrape, to draw near, to press
- 摩る 【さする】 to rub, to pat, to stroke, to massage
- 擦る 【する】 to rub, to chafe, to strike (match), to file, to frost (glass), to lose (e.g. a match), to forfeit, to squander one's money (e.g. through gambling, Pachinko, etc.)
Readings
- Korean:
- ma
Spanish
- roce
- fricción
- caricia
Portuguese
- escoriação
- raspar
- polir
- alcance
- arranhão
French
- irriter
- gratter
- caresser
- frictionner
- polir
- moudre
| 1830 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 1074 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 5392 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 1783 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 1380 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 2428 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 1530 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 1631 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 1415 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 852 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 3938 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2030 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2740 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 646 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 12613P | Morohashi |
| 3175 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2264 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 639 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 689 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 1768 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 547 | 2001 Kanji |
| 3q12.6 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 3-3-12 | SKIP code |
| 3-11-4 | SKIP code |
| 0025.2 | Four corner code |
| 1-43-64 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 6469 | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in junior high
JLPT level N1
1485 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 擦弦楽器 【サツゲンガッキ】 bowed stringed instrument
- 擦文 【サツモン】 brush-mark pattern (scraped into the surface of earthenware with wood)
- 塗擦 【トサツ】 rubbing an ointment into the skin
- 冷水摩擦 【レイスイマサツ】 rubdown with a wet towel, cold-water rubbing
Kun reading compounds
- 擦る 【する】 to rub, to chafe, to strike (match), to file, to frost (glass), to lose (e.g. a match), to forfeit, to squander one's money (e.g. through gambling, Pachinko, etc.)
- 擦れる 【すれる】 to rub, to chafe, to wear out, to become worn, to lose one's innocence, to become sly
- 擦る 【こする】 to rub, to scrub, to scrape
- 擦れる 【こすれる】 to be rubbed
Readings
- Korean:
- chal
Spanish
- frotar
- restregar
- rascar
- raspar
Portuguese
- arranhar
- esfregar
- coçar
- escovar
- atritar
- explorar
French
- abrasion
- gratter
- frotter
- râper
- racler
- irriter
- récurer
| 1306 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 1955 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 2025 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 1709 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 1386 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 2601 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 1519 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 1620 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 1416 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 931 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 971 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 541 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 707 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 1113 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 12862 | Morohashi |
| 790 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2306 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 1104 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 1185 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 1870 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 1341 | 2001 Kanji |
| 3c14.5 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 1-3-14 | SKIP code |
| 5309.1 | Four corner code |
| 1-27-04 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 64e6 | Unicode hex code |