| 683 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 781 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 758 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 1437 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 4853 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 855 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 978 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 2159 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 1605 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 1712 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 1340 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 1821 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 2155 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1132 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1533 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 278 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 40361 | Morohashi |
| 1721 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 6266 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 272 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 290 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 800 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 5
JLPT level N2
1505 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 銅 【ドウ】 copper (Cu), bronze (medal)
- 銅像 【ドウゾウ】 bronze statue
- 白銅 【ハクドウ】 nickel and copper alloy
- 精銅 【セイドウ】 refined copper
Kun reading compounds
- 銅 【どう】 copper (Cu), bronze (medal)
- 銅色 【どうしょく】 bronze color, copper color
Readings
- Korean:
- dong
Spanish
- cobre
Portuguese
- cobre
French
- cuivre
| 2849 | 2001 Kanji |
| 8a6.12 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 1-8-6 | SKIP code |
| 8712.0 | Four corner code |
| 1-38-28 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 9285 | Unicode hex code |
fermentation
- On:
- コウ
Jōyō kanji, taught in junior high
JLPT level N1
1862 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 酵素 【コウソ】 enzyme
- 酵母 【コウボ】 yeast, leaven
- 並行複発酵 【ヘイコウフクハッコウ】 multiple parallel fermentation (esp. in sake brewing)
- 精密発酵 【セイミツハッコウ】 precision fermentation (use of microbial hosts, such as bacteria and yeast, to produce specific biomolecules)
Readings
- Korean:
- hyo
Spanish
- fermento
- fermentación
Portuguese
- fermentação
French
- fermentation
| 1265 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 1602 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 4787 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 1589 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 1836 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 1866 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 2026 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 1595 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 1795 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 1966 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1047 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1413 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 1442 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 39868 | Morohashi |
| 1561 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 6175 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 1430 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 1538 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 1734 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 3247 | 2001 Kanji |
| 7e6.1 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 1-7-7 | SKIP code |
| 1-7-6 | SKIP code |
| 1464.7 | Four corner code |
| 1-25-58 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 9175 | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 2
JLPT level N5
570 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 母国 【ボコク】 one's home country, one's homeland
- 母校 【ボコウ】 alma mater
- 養父母 【ヨウフボ】 adoptive parents
- 空母 【クウボ】 aircraft carrier
Kun reading compounds
- 母 【はは】 mother
- 母親 【ははおや】 mother
- 必要は発明の母 【ひつようははつめいのはは】 necessity is the mother of invention
- 失敗は成功の母 【しっぱいはせいこうのはは】 failure is the mother of success
- 母屋 【もや】 purlin (structural beam in a roof), purline, main building (of a manor), central room (in traditional palatial-style architecture)
- 母屋桁 【もやげた】 purlin (structural beam in a roof), purline
- 雲母 【うんも】 mica, isinglass
- 乳母 【うば】 wet nurse, nursing mother
Readings
- Korean:
- mo
Spanish
- madre
- base
- cimientos
Portuguese
- mãe
- materno
French
- maman
- mère
| 137 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 222 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 203 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 554 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 2466 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 89 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 65 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 326 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 2.7 | Japanese for Busy People |
| 112 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 112 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 74 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 1143 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 4287 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2165 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2917 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 102 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 16723 | Morohashi |
| 3475 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 3005 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 101 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 105 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 317 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
| 114 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 3647 | 2001 Kanji |
| 0a5.36 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 4-5-1 | SKIP code |
| 7750.0 | Four corner code |
| 1-42-76 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 6bcd | Unicode hex code |