| 758 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 675 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 646 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 857 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 4685 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 790 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 956 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 1235 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 444 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 451 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 386 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 685 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 3835 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1966 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2662 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 1978 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 38849P | Morohashi |
| 3091 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 6041 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 1959 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 2109 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 695 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 5
JLPT level N2
683 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 逆 【ギャク】 reverse, opposite, converse (of a hypothesis, etc.), inverse (function)
- 逆効果 【ギャクコウカ】 opposite effect, adverse effect, backfiring
- 反逆 【ハンギャク】 treason, treachery, mutiny, rebellion, insurrection
- 可逆 【カギャク】 reversible, invertible
- 逆旅 【ゲキリョ】 inn
- 逆鱗 【ゲキリン】 one's superior's anger, imperial wrath
- 莫逆 【バクギャク】 cordial relations
- 乱逆 【ランギャク】 rebellion
Kun reading compounds
- 逆 【さか】 inverse, reverse
- 逆さ 【さかさ】 inverted, upside down, reversed, back to front
- 逆さ 【さかさ】 inverted, upside down, reversed, back to front
- 逆さま 【さかさま】 inverted, upside down, reversed, back to front, wrong way round
- 逆らう 【さからう】 to go against, to oppose, to disobey, to defy
Readings
- Korean:
- yeog
Spanish
- reverso
- inverso
- opuesto
- ir en contra
- oponerse
- desobedecer
Portuguese
- invertido
- inverter
- travesso
- contrário
French
- inverse
- contraire
- opposé
- mauvais
| 960 | 2001 Kanji |
| 2q6.8 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 3-3-6 | SKIP code |
| 3830.4 | Four corner code |
| 1-21-53 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 9006 | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in junior high
JLPT level N1
1447 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 浸透 【シントウ】 permeation (of thought, ideology, culture, etc.), infiltration (e.g. of ideas), spread, penetration (e.g. into a market), pervasion, permeation (of a liquid, etc.), soaking, percolation, osmosis
- 浸水 【シンスイ】 inundation, submersion, flood
- 防浸 【ボウシン】 watertight, waterproof
- 液浸 【エキシン】 immersion, dipping, in microscopy, immersing both the objective lens and the specimen in a liquid to increase the numerical aperture, in photolithography, filling the air gap between the final lens and the wafer surface with a liquid to increase the resolution
Kun reading compounds
- 浸す 【ひたす】 to soak, to dip, to steep, to immerse, to moisten, to wet
- 浸る 【ひたる】 to be soaked in, to be flooded, to be submerged, to be immersed in (joy, memories, alcohol, etc.), to give oneself over to, to bask in
- 浸かる 【つかる】 to be submerged, to be soaked, to be pickled, to be well seasoned, to be totally immersed (in a condition, e.g. laziness)
Readings
- Korean:
- chim
Spanish
- empapar
- remojar
- humedecer
Portuguese
- imergir
- ensopar
- mergulhar
- empapar
- umedecer
- molhar
- embeber
French
- immersion
- tremper
- plonger dans
- humidifier
- humecter
- mouiller
| 1438 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 1623 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 2572 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 1221 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 1476 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 1078 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 1126 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 1496 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 1195 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 530 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 326 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 401 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 1157 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 17505P | Morohashi |
| 442 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 3157 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 1149 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 1232 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 1357 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 367 | 2001 Kanji |
| 3a7.17 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 1-3-7 | SKIP code |
| 3714.7 | Four corner code |
| 1-31-27 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 6d78 | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in junior high
JLPT level N1
1035 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 透明 【トウメイ】 transparent, clear
- 透析 【トウセキ】 dialysis
- 失透 【シットウ】 devitrification
- 市場浸透 【シジョウシントウ】 market penetration
Kun reading compounds
- 透く 【すく】 to be transparent, to leave a gap
- 透かす 【すかす】 to look through, to hold up to the light, to make an opening, to leave space, to space (lines), to prune (trees), to fart without making a sound
- 透ける 【すける】 to be transparent, to show through
- 透水 【とうすい】 permeation (e.g. of water), percolation, seepage
- 透水性 【とうすいせい】 permeability
Readings
- Japanese names:
- とおる
- Korean:
- tu
Spanish
- permear
- penetrar
- filtrar
Portuguese
- transparente
- permeear
- filtrar
- penetrar
French
- transparent
- s'infiltrer
- pénétrer
| 1647 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 1592 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 4699 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 1152 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 1807 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 1685 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 1800 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 1746 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 698 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 3854 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 1981 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2677 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 924 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 38876P | Morohashi |
| 3108 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 6059 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 915 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 981 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 1399 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 2245 | 2001 Kanji |
| 2q7.10 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 3-3-7 | SKIP code |
| 3-3-8 | SKIP code |
| 3230.2 | Four corner code |
| 1-38-09 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 900f | Unicode hex code |
membrane
- On:
- マク
Jōyō kanji, taught in junior high
JLPT level N1
1804 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 膜 【マク】 membrane, film
- 膜厚 【マクアツ】 film thickness, coating thickness
- 角膜 【カクマク】 cornea
- 網膜 【モウマク】 retina
Readings
- Korean:
- mag, mo
Spanish
- membrana
Portuguese
- membrana
French
- membrane
| 1834 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 1897 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 3803 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 1379 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 1681 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 1426 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 1515 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 1546 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 1042 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 1345 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 728 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 974 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 238 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 29808P | Morohashi |
| 1062 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 4854 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 233 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 248 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 1708 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 3963 | 2001 Kanji |
| 4b10.6 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 1-4-10 | SKIP code |
| 7423.4 | Four corner code |
| 1-43-76 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 819c | Unicode hex code |