| 3763 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 1212 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 1339 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 3297 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2317 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 29472 | Morohashi |
| 4804 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 2071 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 268 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
Jōyō kanji, taught in junior high
2299 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 脊椎 【セキツイ】 spine, vertebral column
- 脊髄 【セキズイ】 spinal cord
Kun reading compounds
- 背 【せ】 back, reverse, rear side, back (e.g. of a chair), spine (of a book), height, stature, ridge (of a mountain)
- 背 【せい】 height, stature
- 背 【せい】 height, stature
- 背丈 【せたけ】 stature, height
Readings
- Korean:
- cheog
Spanish
- columna vertebral
- espina dorsal
- espalda
- estatura
Portuguese
French
| 4b6.13 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 2-6-4 | SKIP code |
| 1122.7 | Four corner code |
| 1-32-52 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 810a | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in junior high
JLPT level N1
1911 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 椎間板 【ツイカンバン】 intervertebral disk
- 椎間孔狭窄 【ツイカンコウキョウサク】 vertebral canal stenosis
- 脊椎 【セキツイ】 spine, vertebral column
- 腰椎 【ヨウツイ】 lumbar vertebra, lumbar vertebrae
Kun reading compounds
- 槌 【つち】 hammer, mallet, sledgehammer, gavel
Readings
- Japanese names:
- しい
- Korean:
- chu
Spanish
- roble
- mazo
Portuguese
French
| 1314 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 2296 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 1629 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 2116 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 1748 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 1249 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 679 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 905 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 15024 | Morohashi |
| 2742 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 2505 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 597 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 4a8.1 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 1-4-8 | SKIP code |
| 4091.4 | Four corner code |
| 1-36-39 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 690e | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in junior high
JLPT level N2
545 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 湾 【ワン】 bay, gulf, inlet
- 湾岸 【ワンガン】 gulf coast, bay coast
- メキシコ湾 【メキシコワン】 Gulf of Mexico
- 海湾 【カイワン】 gulf, bay
Readings
- Korean:
- man
Spanish
- golfo
- bahía
- ensenada
- cala
Portuguese
- golfo
- baía
- pequena enseada
French
- golfe
- baie
- crique
| 1944 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 1028 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 2627 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 1136 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 701 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 1849 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 670 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 681 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 910 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 1228 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 748 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 447 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 562 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 1765 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 17920 | Morohashi |
| 613 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 3239 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 1749 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 1886 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 1562 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 352 | 2001 Kanji |
| 3a9.15 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 1-3-9 | SKIP code |
| 3012.7 | Four corner code |
| 1-47-49 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 6e7e | Unicode hex code |
bend, music, melody, composition, pleasure, injustice, fault, curve, crooked, perverse, lean
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 3
JLPT level N3
810 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 曲 【キョク】 composition, piece of music, song, track (on a record), tune, melody, air, enjoyment, fun, interest, pleasure
- 曲折 【キョクセツ】 bending, winding, meandering, zigzagging, ups and downs, twists and turns, complications, difficulties, vicissitudes
- 歌謡曲 【カヨウキョク】 kayōkyoku, form of Japanese popular music that developed during the Showa era, (Western) pop song
- 名曲 【メイキョク】 famous piece of music, excellent song, (musical) masterpiece
Kun reading compounds
- 曲がる 【まがる】 to bend, to curve, to warp, to wind, to twist, to turn, to be awry, to be askew, to be crooked
- 曲げる 【まげる】 to bend, to crook, to bow, to curve, to curl, to lean, to tilt, to incline, to slant, to bend (the truth), to distort, to twist, to pervert, to yield (a point), to depart (from a principle), to ignore (what one really thinks), to pawn
- 隈 【くま】 corner, nook, recess, shade, shadow, dark area, dark circles (under the eyes), dark rings, bend (in a road, river, etc.), shading, gradation, kumadori, style of kabuki makeup used for violent roles
Readings
- Japanese names:
- まがた
- Korean:
- gog
Spanish
- melodía
- curva
- encorvado
- torcer
- doblar
- torcerse
- girarse
Portuguese
- tender
- música
- melodia
- composição
- prazer
- injustiça
- falta
- curva
- tortuoso
- perverso
- inclinar
French
- courber
- musique
- mélodie
- composition
- plaisir
- injustice
- faute
- malhonnête
- pervers
- pencher
| 381 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
| 279 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
| 261 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
| 604 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
| 103 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
| 715 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 609 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
| 327 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
| 366 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 367 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
| 625 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
| 996 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
| 4340 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2197 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2956 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
| 1180 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
| 14280 | Morohashi |
| 3527 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
| 2418 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
| 1172 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
| 1256 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
| 264 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
| 1976 | 2001 Kanji |
| 0a6.27 | The Kanji Dictionary |
| 4-6-2 | SKIP code |
| 5560.0 | Four corner code |
| 1-22-42 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
| 66f2 | Unicode hex code |