134 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
77 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
68 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
136 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
2064 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
71 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
180 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
86 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
3.19 | Japanese for Busy People |
111 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
111 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
320 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
949 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
2458 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
1242 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
1708 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
1741 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
13450 | Morohashi |
1962 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
2364 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
1725 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
1861 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
89 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
35 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
文
sentence, literature, style, art, decoration, figures, plan, literary radical (no. 67)
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 1
JLPT level N4
190 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 文 【ブン】 sentence, composition, text, writings, the literary arts (as opposed to the military arts), academia, literature, statement
- 文化 【ブンカ】 culture, civilization, civilisation, Bunka era (1804.2.11-1818.4.22)
- 公文 【コウブン】 official document, archives
- 異文 【イブン】 variant (in a manuscript or book), part of a text that differs from other versions
- 文 【モン】 mon, one-thousandth of a kan (unit of currency 1336-1870), mon, traditional unit used for shoe and sock sizes (approx. 2.4 cm), letter, character, sentence, scripture, incantation
- 紋 【モン】 (family) crest, coat of arms, pattern, figure, playing card suit (in karuta)
- 人文 【ジンブン】 humanity, civilization, civilisation, culture
- 縄文 【ジョウモン】 straw-rope pattern pressed into earthenware, Jōmon period (ca. 14000-1000 BCE)
Kun reading compounds
- 文 【ふみ】 letter, note, mail, book, writings, literary arts, learning, scholarship
- 文香 【ふみこう】 scented insert (to enclose with a letter), perfumed insert
- 御文 【おふみ】 Gobunsho (The Epistles, a collection of letters written by Rennyo)
- 雁の文 【かりのふみ】 (a) letter
- 綾 【あや】 figure, design, twill weave, pattern of diagonal stripes, style (of writing), figure (of speech), design, plot, plan, minor market fluctuation, technical correction, cat's cradle, lease rod (in a loom)
- 文つける 【あやつける】 to make a false accusation, to invent a pretext for a quarrel
- 言葉は身の文 【ことばはみのあや】 words betray one's character
Readings
- Japanese names:
- かざり、 ふ、 も
- Korean:
- mun
Spanish
- letras
- literatura
Portuguese
- sentença
- literatura
- estilo
- arte
- decoração
- figuras
- plano
French
- phrase
- littérature
- style
- art
- décoration
- figure (de style)
- plan
- radical littéraire (no. 67)
466 | 2001 Kanji |
2j2.4 | The Kanji Dictionary |
2-2-2 | SKIP code |
0040.0 | Four corner code |
1-42-24 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
6587 | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 2
JLPT level N5
169 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 書 【ショ】 book, document, calligraphy (esp. Chinese), penmanship, handwriting, letter, note
- 書院 【ショイン】 drawing room, study, writing alcove, publishing house
- 投書 【トウショ】 letter (e.g. of complaint), letter to the editor, letter from a reader, contribution (to a newspaper, magazine, etc.)
- 議定書 【ギテイショ】 protocol
Kun reading compounds
- 書く 【かく】 to write, to compose, to pen, to draw, to paint
Readings
- Japanese names:
- かき
- Korean:
- seo
Spanish
- escritura
- escrito
- escribir
Portuguese
- escrever
French
- écrire
92 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
159 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
142 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
130 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
3719 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
70 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
58 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
1216 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
2.3 | Japanese for Busy People |
131 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
131 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
181 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
998 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
3292 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
1703 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
2314 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
333 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
14294 | Morohashi |
2658 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
2463 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
327 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
349 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
121 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
197 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
1678 | 2001 Kanji |
4c6.6 | The Kanji Dictionary |
2-6-4 | SKIP code |
5060.1 | Four corner code |
1-29-81 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
66f8 | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in junior high
JLPT level N1
1171 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 偽 【ギ】 falseness, falsehood
- 偽証 【ギショウ】 false evidence, perjury, false testimony
- 真偽 【シンギ】 truth or falsehood, genuineness, authenticity, veracity
- 詐偽 【サギ】 lie, untruth, prevarication
Kun reading compounds
- 偽る 【いつわる】 to lie, to pretend, to feign, to falsify, to deceive, to trick
- 偽 【にせ】 imitation, fake, phony, counterfeit, forged, bogus, sham, pseudo-
- 偽物 【にせもの】 spurious article, forgery, counterfeit, imitation, sham
- 偽り 【いつわり】 lie, falsehood, fiction, fabrication
- 偽り語る 【いつわりかたる】 to speak falsely
Readings
- Korean:
- wi
Spanish
- falsedad
- mentira
- engañar
- fingir
- mentir
- engaño
Portuguese
- falsidade
- mentira
- enganar
- fingir
- falsificação
French
- faux
- mensonge
- berner
- prétendre
- imitation
- contrefaçon
1135 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
1639 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
510 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
1157 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
1061 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
1485 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
1582 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
1428 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
116 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
149 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
99 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
114 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
1938 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
927P | Morohashi |
131 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
276 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
1919 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
2068 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
1408 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
2150 | 2001 Kanji |
2a9.2 | The Kanji Dictionary |
1-2-9 | SKIP code |
2422.7 | Four corner code |
1-21-22 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
507d | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 5
JLPT level N2
429 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 造語 【ゾウゴ】 coinage, invention of a new word, coined word
- 造形 【ゾウケイ】 molding, moulding, shaping, forming, modelling (i.e. plastic arts), modeling
- 変造 【ヘンゾウ】 alteration, defacement, debasement, falsification, forgery
- 捏造 【ネツゾウ】 fabrication, forgery, falsehood, hoax
Kun reading compounds
- 作る 【つくる】 to make, to produce, to manufacture, to build, to construct, to prepare (food), to brew (alcohol), to raise, to grow, to cultivate, to train, to till, to draw up (a document), to make out, to prepare, to write, to create (an artistic work, etc.), to compose, to coin (a phrase), to organize, to organise, to establish, to found, to have (a child), to make up (one's face, etc.), to fabricate (an excuse, etc.), to give a (false) appearance, to feign (a smile, etc.), to put on a show of emotion, to form (a line, etc.), to set (a record), to commit (a sin, etc.)
- 作り 【つくり】 making, producing, manufacturing, building, construction, make, structure, appearance (attire, make-up, etc.), build, physique, sashimi, forced (smile, etc.)
- 作り上げる 【つくりあげる】 to build up, to complete, to construct, to create, to put together, to make up, to fabricate, to invent, to cook up
- 塚造 【つかつくり】 megapode (any bird of family Megapodiidae, incl. brush turkeys and mallee fowl), mound builder
Readings
- Japanese names:
- ずくり、 づくり、 み
- Korean:
- jo
Spanish
- edificio
- crear
- construir
Portuguese
- criar
- fazer
- estrutura
- psique
French
- créer
- fabriquer
- structure
- physique
- maquillage
662 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
761 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
739 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
460 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
4701 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
551 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
959 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
1236 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
691 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
704 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
965 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
692 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
3856 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
1983 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
2679 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
287 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
38898P | Morohashi |
3110 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
6061 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
281 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
299 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
441 | The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power (Dale Crowley) |
717 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
2477 | 2001 Kanji |
2q7.11 | The Kanji Dictionary |
3-3-7 | SKIP code |
3430.6 | Four corner code |
1-34-04 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
9020 | Unicode hex code |
Jōyō kanji, taught in grade 5
JLPT level N3
732 of 2500 most used kanji in newspapers
Stroke order
On reading compounds
- 罪 【ザイ】 crime
- 罪悪 【ザイアク】 crime, sin, vice
- 同罪 【ドウザイ】 same crime, being equally guilty, bearing the same amount of responsibility
- 功罪 【コウザイ】 merits and demerits, good points and bad points, strengths and weaknesses
Kun reading compounds
- 罪 【つみ】 crime, sin, wrongdoing, indiscretion, penalty, sentence, punishment, fault, responsibility, culpability, thoughtlessness, lack of consideration
- 罪滅ぼし 【つみほろぼし】 atonement (for one's sins), expiation, making amends, making up for (a misdeed)
- 無実の罪 【むじつのつみ】 false charge
- 重い罪 【おもいつみ】 serious crime, grave crime
Readings
- Korean:
- joe
Spanish
- culpabilidad
- pecado
- delito
- crimen
- defecto
- culpa
Portuguese
- culpa
- pecado
- crime
- falta
- ofensa
French
- culpabilité
- péché
- crime
- faute
- responsabilité
- délit
794 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese (Florence Sakade) |
713 | A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese 3rd edition (Henshall, Seeley and De Groot) |
686 | A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters (Kenneth G. Henshall) |
928 | A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage |
3643 | Classic Nelson (Andrew Nelson) |
748 | Essential Kanji (P.G. O’Neill) |
830 | Japanese Kanji Flashcards (Max Hodges and Tomoko Okazaki) |
2006 | Japanese Names (P.G. O’Neill) |
885 | Kanji and Kana (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
906 | Kanji and Kana, 2nd Edition (Spahn and Hadamitzky) |
1047 | Kanji in Context (Nishiguchi and Kono) |
1464 | Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide |
3224 | Kodansha Kanji Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
1673 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
2264 | Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary, 2nd Edition (Jack Halpern) |
1651 | Les Kanjis dans la tete (Yves Maniette) |
28293 | Morohashi |
2610 | New Japanese English Character Dictionary (Jack Halpern) |
4644 | New Nelson (John Haig) |
1636 | Remembering The Kanji (James Heisig) |
1764 | Remembering The Kanji, 6th edition (James Heisig) |
775 | Tuttle Kanji Cards (Alexander Kask) |
3654 | 2001 Kanji |
5g8.4 | The Kanji Dictionary |
2-5-8 | SKIP code |
6011.1 | Four corner code |
1-26-65 | JIS X 0208-1997 kuten code |
7f6a | Unicode hex code |